Teaching aims
Enable the students to master the usage of it.
Teaching important & difficult points
How to enable the students to know the usage of it.
Teaching aids
tape recorder, slides
观察下面句子，指出it用法
1.It rains heavily.
2. It is 20 kilometers from Granddad's house to James’.
3. It is November 11, 2005.
4. It is 9 o’clock at night.
5.It'll be lovely in the garden tonight．
6. It is bad to smoke.
7. It is likely that he will succeed.
一、it 作人称代词
1. it的最基本用法是作代词，主要指刚提到的事物，以避免重复:
Xi’an is?a?beautiful?city, isn’t?it?
2. 也可以指动物或婴儿(未知性别的婴儿或孩子):
Is this your dog？No, it isn’t.
二、it作非人称代词
it有时并不指具体的东西，而泛指天气、时间、日期、距离、价值、度量、温度、环境等，称为非人称的it：
指天气：
It is a lovely day, isn’t?it?
It is a bit windy. 2. 指时间:
It was nearly midnight when she came back.
3. 指环境:
It was very quiet in?the?café.
4. 指距离：
It is half an hour’s?walk?to the city centre from my home.
5. 指日期：
--What's the date today?
--It's May 1, 2007.
6. 指季节：
It is summer now.
7. 指度量：
It is about 5 kilograms.
8. 指价值：
----What's the cost of the T-shirt?
----It is 150 yuan.
三、it用作形式主语
替代作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词，而把真正作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。
1. 代作主语的动词不定式
（1）It be adj.（for sb.）to do sth.
此处adj. 通常为描述事件的形容词：easy，difficult，hard，necessary，unnecessary，possible，
（2）It be adj. of sb. to do sth.
（2）It be adj. of sb. to do sth.
(3) It替代作主语的动名词的常见句型
It's no good/use doing…
It's（well）worth doing…
It's（well）worth one's while doing/to do…
It's（well）worth while doing/ to do
It's no use crying over spilt milk.
2. it作形式主语替代主语从句
①It is adj. +clause
②It is v-ed that…=sb./sth. is to do
It is said (reported/ learned/believed
/thought/known/told/hoped.....) that ...
③ It is + noun +从句
It is a pity (a shame /an honor /a good thing/a fact /a surprise/... ) that ...
四、it作形式宾语
当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式、动名词宾语从句时，往往把宾语放在它的补足语后面，而用it 作形式宾语，放在宾语补足语之前。
该句型中的it 作形式宾语，常用的动词有think, believe, make, find, consider, feel等。
I think it no use arguing with him.
我认为和他争吵没有用。
I found it very interesting to study
English.
我发现学英语非常有趣。
He made it clear that he was not
interested in this subject.
他非常清楚地表示他对那门学科不感兴趣。
五、用于强调句型中
It is/was? + 被强调部分 + that/who ...
It is not until + 被强调部分 + that ...
I met Tom in the park yesterday.
强调主语 --
强调宾语
强调状语
比较下面两句
It was five o’clock _________I got home.
It was at five o’clock_______ I got home.
强调句用以强调主语，宾语，介词宾语以及状语。（强调人时用that和who ／whom皆可）
It was she who ／that had been wrong．
是她错了。 ( )
It was the girl whom ／that I met just now．
我刚才遇见的就是这个女孩。 ( )
It was Tom to whom the teacher had talked．
老师与其谈话的那个人是汤姆。 （ ）
It was on Monday night that all this happened．
所有这一切就是在星期一的晚上发生的。（
It is not until + 被强调部分 + that ...
该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状语，译成汉语 “直到……才……”，可以说是not ... until ... 的强调形式。例如: It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.
= Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star.
= I didn’t realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.
六、It 常用的固定搭配
make it
（1）在口语当中相当于succeed，表示：成功、做到、说定、赶上、及时到达 例
? It's hard to make it to the top in show business.
（2）在口语中相当于fix the date for，表示“约定好时间”例?
—Shall we meet next week？
—OK. We just make it next Saturday.
2. take it/things easy
相当于Don‘t worry or don’t hurry. 用来劝告别人，表示“不要慌，别担心，沉住气”
Take it easy！ He will do it well.
3. It all depends/that all depends 在口语中，相当于it hasn‘t been decided yet，表示“那得看情况，还没有定下来”
? —Are you going to the countryside for holiday？
—It/That all depends.
4. It's up to sb.
在口语中，相当于it's decided by sb. 表示“由……决定，由……负责，取决于……”
—Shall we go out for dinner？
—It's up to you.
Exercises
Rewrite the following sentences, using “It’s … that”.
1.I’m still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometers in an afternoon. That is amazing.
2. My father has quit smoking. That is wonderful.
3. You could suffer from bad health if you keep smoking. ( It is likely).
4. China produces one third of the world’s cigarettes. It is reported.
Bird flu(禽流感) hit China again. That is known to us.
6. Li Yuchun got more than one million yuan for the advertisement. People say that.
7. Some young people think that they look
attractive when they smoke. It seems that…
Homework
1. Revise and master the use of it.
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