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2.means n.手段;方法3.majority n.大多数;大半→minority n.少数6.percentage n.百分比;百分率7.boom n.(人口、贸易的)繁荣 vi.处于经济迅速发展时期8.applicant n.申请人→apply v.申请→application n.申请9.customs n.海关;关税;进口税
12.luggage n.行李17.punishment n.处罚;惩罚→punish v.惩罚;处罚18.justice n.正义;公平→injustice(反义词)
1.means n. 方法;手段by all means 务必;一定;当然可以by any means 无论如何by no means 决不(用于句首时引起部分倒装)by this/these means 用这种/这些办法by means of 依靠……方法,借助……手段
[即学即练1](1)Taking a plane is ________________________ getting there.去那儿最快的方式是坐飞机。(2)All possible means ______ been tried.=Every possible means ______ been tried.所有(每一种)可能的办法都已经试过了。
the quickest means of/have/has
(3)This plan must be realized __________________.这个计划必须完成。(4)Thoughts are expressed __________________ words.思想靠语言来表达。(5)By no means __________________ left alone.绝不能把他单独留下。
by all means/by means of/should he be
提示:(1)means 表示“方法、方式、手段”,其单复数同形。当 means 做主语且有 every, each 等词修饰时,谓语动词用单数;有 some, several, many, few, all 等词修饰时,谓语动词用复数。(2)by this means 强调的是“有条理的办事方法”;in this way 强调的是“用简便的方法”,in 有时候可以省略;with this method 强调的是“用已形成的系统的、理论的方法”。
2.majority n. 大多数,大半the majority 大多数(其做主语表整体时,谓语用单数;若表成员情况时,谓语用复数。)the majority of+n. [U]+单数谓语the majority of+n. [pl.]+复数谓语be in the majority 占大多数by/with a majority of 以大多数……赢得……
[即学即练2](1)____________ were present at the meeting.大多数人出席了会议。(2)__________________ the people seem to prefer watching games to playing games.大部分人似乎喜欢观看比赛胜于参加比赛。
The majority/The majority of
(3)He was elected by ________________________ 765.他以765票的多数票当选。
a large majority of
8.a good/great many 许多,很多a good/great many=many=a great number of+n. (pl.)a great many of them (us) (代词)the (these, those)+n. (pl.)many a+单数可数名词+单数谓语动词
[即学即练8](1)Tom found that there were __________________________ people already there.汤姆发现那儿已经有很多人了。(2)It seems that ________________________ them are out of work now. 似乎他们中的许多人现在失业了。
a great/good many/a great/good many of
(3)Many a student ______ this song.很多学生喜欢这首歌。
likes
1. means/manner/method/approach/way(1)means表示“方法”“手段”“工具”“财产”,与of搭配。(2)manner表示“方式”“方法”,指个人喜欢采用的方式,与of搭配。
(3)method指做某事的具体步骤或程序,也指系统的、抽象概念的原理,与of搭配。(4)way是最通用的词,也是最不正式的词。本义是“通路”,引申作“方式”“方法”讲,含义很广,与of或动词不定式搭配。(5)approach也有“方法,步骤,途径”的意思。它侧重指待人接物或思考问题的方式。与toward或to搭配。
[应用1] (1)This book provides a good _____________ to psychology.本书提供研究心理学的良好门径。(2)The _____________ of their meeting makes a good story.他们相见的方式似乎有些传奇色彩。
Approach /manner
(3)The quickest ___________ of travel is by plane.最快的旅行方式是乘飞机。(4)In this _____________ over several days, the artist and his mouse became friends.就这样过了几天,这位艺术家和他的老鼠成了好朋友。(5)He is a man of ________.他是个有条理的人。
Means/way/method
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2.twin n.双胞胎之一;孪生儿之一 adj.成对的;成双的5.breakthrough n.突破18.drawback n.缺点;不利条件19.feather n.羽毛X8U3
3.product n.产品6.caution n.小心,谨慎→cautious adj.小心的,谨慎的→cautiously adv.小心地,谨慎地9.file n.文件;档案;文件夹 vt.提交;将……归档14.current n.(水或气)流;电流 adj.现在的;当前的18.competence n.能力;胜任;本领
case构成的短语的用法[应用] (1)It is reported that there will be a heavy rain tomorrow, ______ the hike would be put off.A.in any case B.in which caseC.in no case D.in case
答案:B
解析:该题考查case的相关短语及定语从句,根据前面说“据说明天有大雨”,可知hike在这种情况下要推迟,which引导定语从句,指代整个主句。
(2)-The first bus has just left and the next bus will come in twenty minutes.-______, we will have to wait.A.In this case B.In this wayC.By this means D.In the end
答案:A
(3)John may phone tonight. I don’t want to go out ______ he phones.A.as long as B.in order thatC.in case D.so that
答案:C
解析:as long as意为“只要”,in order that意为“为了”,in case意为“以防”,so that意为“以致;为了”。in case引导条件状语从句。
(4)I don’t think I’ll need any money, but I’ll bring some ______.A.at last B.in caseC.once again D.in time
答案:B
解析:根据句子中所说自己目前不需要钱,可是要带一点备用或者以防万一。in case是“以防万一”的意思,恰好符合此意。in time是“及时,恰好,迟早”的意思。
(5)You’d better take something to read when you go to see the doctor ______ you have to wait.A.even if B.as ifC.in case D.in order that
答案:C
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1.adaptation n.适应(性);改编本→adapt vt.改编,(使)适应4.outcome n.结果;效果7.remark n.谈论;言论;评述 vt. & vi.谈论;评论;说起9.acquaintance n.相识,了解,熟人10.fortune n.机会;运气;大笔的钱11.status n.身份;地位;职位16.compromise n. & vi.妥协;折衷6.acquaintance n. [C]认识的人,熟人;[U]认识,有交情;了解have acquaintance with sb. 与……认识,有交情have acquaintance with sth. 对……了解make sb.‘s acquaintance/make the acquaintance of sb.与某人初次相见、结识某人on first acquaintance 初次相见时
[即学即练6](1)I ________________________ at a party.我是在一个聚会上认识他的。(2)He has some little ____________________ the English language. 他稍微会一点儿英语。
made his acquaintance/acquaintance with
1.acquaintance/friend/companion(1)acquaintance熟人,相识的人;尤指在工作和事业中认识的人。(2)friend朋友;指关系密切、感情较深者。(3)companion同伴,伙伴;指共同参加某种活动或在某种情况下同甘共苦的人。
[应用1] (1)a traveling ______________旅伴(2)a trusted ___________________知已(3)a nodding ________________点头之交(4)a ______________ in despair患难之交
Companion/friend/acquaintance/companion
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1.alternative n. 可能的选择 adj.供选择的;其他的2.starvation n.挨饿;饿死→starve vi.挨饿;饿死3.accuracy n.精确;准确→accurate adj.准确的;精确的
8.botany n.植物学→botanical adj.植物学的,与植物学有关的9.analysis n.分析→analyses pl.→analyse vt.分析→analyst n.分析者,化验员→analytic(al) adj.分析的,解析的
10.category n.种类;类别;范畴11.significance n.意义;意思;重要性,重要意义14.academy n.学院;学会;学术团体;院校
1.alternative n. (两者或两者以上)选择;二选其一;可供选择的东西;替代物 adj. 选其一的;替代的an alternative to... ……的替代品have no alternative but to do sth. 别无选择只好做……alternative energy 可替代能源
[即学即练1](1)Have you got an _____________ suggestion?你有没有其他的建议?(2)You ________________________ marrying or remaining a bachelor.你可以结婚也可以仍做单身汉,任你选择。
alternative /have the alternative of
(3)We have ___________________________________.除了继续下去,我们没有选择的余地。(4)There is ______________________________.除了战斗,没有其他的办法。
no alternative but to go on/no alternative but to fight
5.arrest n. 逮捕;拘留 vt. 逮捕;吸引arrest sb. for 因……而逮捕某人get arrested 遭逮捕arrest one‘s attention 引起注意under arrest 被捕make an arrest 进行拘捕
[即学即练5](1)Embry __________________ stealing cars.恩布里因为偷车而被捕了。(2)He was placed _______________________ in 1995.他在1995年被软禁。(3)The police expected to ______________________ soon.警方很快就会进行拘捕。
was arrested for/under house arrest/make an arrest
1.alternative/choice/selection(1)alternative一般强调在只有两种可能性或者行为方式之间进行的选择。(2)choice泛指从一组人或物中进行的自由选择,指选择,挑选,抉择。(3)selection含有从许多可供选择的人或物中择优选拔的意思。
[应用1] (1)The store offers a wide ______ of fruit and vegetables.商店提供许多可供选择的水果和蔬菜。(2)An unhappy _____________ is before you. Your mother will never see you again if you do not marry Mr Collins, and I will never see you again if you do.摆在你面前的是个很不幸的难题,你得自己去选择。如果你不嫁给柯林斯先生,你母亲就再也不想见你,而如果你要嫁给他,我就再也不愿见到你。
Choice/alternative
(3)Parents should be careful in their _____________ of the movies their young children see.家长们在为孩子们挑选电影时应小心谨慎。
selection
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