高考英语复习：2012年命题预测及名师指导（6）
【试题举例】(2008年上海卷)
Directions： For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A，B, C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
People think children should play sports. Sports are fun, and children keep healthy while playing with others. However, playing sports can have__50__effects on children. It may produce feelings of poor self?respect or aggressive behavior in some children. According to research on kids and sports, 40 000 000 kids play sports in the US. Of these, 18 000 000 say they have been__51__at or called names while playing sports. This leaves many children with a bad __52__of sports. They think sports are just too aggressive.
Many researchers believe adults, especially parents and coaches, are the main__53__of too much aggression in children’s sports. They believe children__54__aggressive adult behavior. This behavior is then further strengthened through both positive and negative feedback.Parents and coaches are powerful teachers because children usually look up to them. Often these adults behave aggressively themselves, sending children the message that__55__is everything.Many parents go to children’s sporting events and shout__56__at other players or cheer when their child behaves__57__. As well, children are even taught that hurting other players is__58__or are pushed to continue playing even when they are injured.__59__， the media makes violence seem exciting. Children watch adult sports games and see violent behavior replayed over and over on television.
As a society, we really need to__60__this problem and do something about it. Parents and coaches__61__should act as better examples for children. They also need to teach children better__62__. They should not just cheer when children win or act aggressively. They should teach children to__63__themselves whether they win or not. Besides, children should not be allowed to continue to play when they are injured. If adults allow children to play when injured，this gives the message that__64__is not as important as winning.
50. A. restrictive B. negative C.active D. instructive
51. A. knocked B. glanced C.smiled D. shouted
52. A. impression B. concept C.taste D. expectation
53. A. resource B. cause C.course D. consequence
54. A. question B. understand C.copy D. neglect
55. A. winning B. practising C.fun D. sport
56. A. praises B. orders C.remarks D. insults
57. A. proudly B. ambitiously C.aggressively D. bravely
58. A. acceptable B. impolite C.possible D. accessible
59. A. By contrast B. In addition C.As a result D. After all
60. A. look up to B. face up to C.make up for D. come up with
61. A. in particular B. in all C.in return D. in advance
62. A. techniques B. means C.values D. directions
63. A. respect B. relax C.forgive D. enjoy
64. A. body B. fame C. health D. spirit
【文章大意】成年人的影响让孩子们的体育运动失去了应有的意义，他们互相谩骂，甚至为了胜利不择手段。解铃还须系铃人，成年人要以身作则，为孩子树立好的榜样。
50.【答案】 B
【解析】根据本句中的“However”可知表示的是意思的转折，由此可判断B项正确。
51. 【答案】D
【解析】本句中的“called names”表示“谩骂”可知D项正确。其余三项都与之不符。
52. 【答案】A
【解析】上一句提到很多孩子在进行体育运动时经常被训斥甚至挨骂，由此可知他们对体育运动的“印象”不好。后三项分别表示“概念”“品位”“期望”，都不符合所给语境。
53. 【答案】B
【解析】很多研究人员认为成年人，尤其是父母和教练，是儿童运动中存在大量侵略行为的主要“根源”。A项表示“资源”；C项表示“过程”；D项表示“结果”。
54. 【答案】C
【解析】上一句提到孩子的行为是受大人的影响，由此可知他们是在“模仿”有侵略性的成年人的行为。其余选项都与上文不符。
55. 【答案】A
【解析】根据上文中的内容可知成年人在向孩子传递“获胜就是一切”的信息。成年人之所以采用侵略性行为，目的就是为了获得胜利，由此可排除其余选项。
56. 【答案】D
【解析】上文提到的是成年人的侵略性行为，由此可知他们“侮辱”其他孩子。B项表示“命令”，不符合常识；C项表示“评价”，与上文不符。
57. 【答案】C
【解析】上文提到的是成年人在用自己的行为影响孩子，由此可判断此项正确。其余三项都是肯定意义，可排除。
58. 【答案】A
【解析】孩子甚至被教导伤害其他运动员是“可以接受的”。C项是可能的，因此不恰当；D项表示“可以进入的；能够接近的”，语意均不恰当。
59. 【答案】B
【解析】上文叙述的是成年人对孩子的不良影响，此处叙述的是媒体火上加油，由此可知表示递进关系。其余三项都与上文不符。
60. 【答案】B
【解析】根据上文可知作者对上述行为表示反对，所以要“面对”这个问题并采取措施。A项表示“尊敬”；C项表示“弥补”；D项表示“想出”，都不符合所给语境。
61. 【答案】A
【解析】上文叙述的是父母和教练的过错，所以他们“尤其”要为孩子树立良好的榜样。后三项分别表示“总计”“作为回报”“提前”。
62. 【答案】C
【解析】上文提到他们在用自身的侵略行为影响孩子，而此处是奉劝他们加以改正，由此可知是教育孩子要有好的“价值观”。其余三项都与上文不吻合。
63. 【答案】D
【解析】孩子们进行体育活动的目的只是为了“高兴”。前三项都不符合常识。
64. 【答案】C
【解析】孩子们进行体育活动的主要目的是为了增进健康，如果成年人让孩子在受伤的情况下继续比赛，他们会认为“健康”没有赢得比赛重要。
附2 2009年与2008年考纲差异
【导读】2009年考试大纲与2008年相比内容基本一致，只是“语法项目表”部分增加了“词类：名词、形容词、副词、动词、代词、冠词、数词、介词、连词、感叹词”项目。
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