Teaching goals 教学目标
1. Target language 目标语言
a. 重点词汇和短语
in-service learners
b. 重点句式
But this percentage is going down. P57
Two percentage of ... have access to Internet, compared with 45 percent in ... P57
The average time ... is 17 hours per week. P57
How would you like to pay? P58
If you want my personal opinion ... P58
But I should tell you ... P58
2. Ability goals 能力目标
Enable the students to talk about percentage and numbers.
Enable the students to express the opposite views.
3. Learning ability goals 学能目标
Help the students learn how to write a short essay to express opposite views.
Teaching important && difficult points 教学重点和教学难点
How to express the opposite views.
Teaching methods 教学方法
Talking and writing.
Teaching aids 教具准备
A projector.
Teaching procedures & ways 教学过程与方式
Step Ⅰ Revision
1. Greetings.
T: Good afternoon, class!
S: Good afternoon, Miss Liu!
2. Have a dictation of the words in this module.
T: Before we learn the new class, I would like to have a dictation of the words in this module. Are you ready?
Ss: Yes.
Read out the words and after that collect their papers.
Step Ⅱ Everyday English
In this part, let the students go over some words and expressions for shopping. Provide some situations and ask the students to make up dialogues and act them out.
T: Before we learn the writing, please turn to Page 58. Let’s look at Everyday English. First, read the words and expressions for shopping then decide what expressions shop assistants and customers usually use. After that, I will divide you into 4 groups to make up a dialogue by choosing one of the following situations. One group chooses one topic.
S: Yes.
Show the situations on the screen:
Situation 1: Li Ming wants to buy a jacket. He has
only 200 yuan. But he wants a jacket with bright color and good quality. The assistant gives him some advice.
Situation 2: Tom wants to buy a mobile phone. He doesn’t know much about mobile phones. The assistant recommends him some brands such as Bird, Panda, and Haire etc. At last Tom is talked into buying one he likes best.
Five minutes later, let them act out their dialogues.
Sample dialogue 1:
L=Li Ming A=assistant
A: Good morning! What can I do for you?
L: I’d like to buy a jacket.
A: There are quite a lot of fashionable jackets. Have a look at this one.
L: The color is too dark. I’d like one with bright color.
A: How about this one? It’s quite suitable for you.
L: But it is too expensive.
A: How would you like to pay?
L: In cash, but I only have 200 yuan.
A: I see. This one must be the very one. It only costs 150 yuan. The color is bright and it’s of good quality.
L: OK. I will take this one.
A: Thank you for shopping here. See you again soon, I hope.
L: See you.
Sample dialogue 2:
T=Tom A= assistant
A: Good morning, sir. How can I help you?
T: I’d like to buy a mobile phone.
A: What kind are you looking for?
T: There are so many different brands. I don’t know which one to choose. Can you give me some advice?
A: Of course. Some mobile phones made in China are quite good, such as Bird, Panda and Haire.
T: Which one is better?
A: The brand “Panda” has a long history. The products are of good quality. And Bird and Haire are fast-developing brands. The products are well-designed.
T: I will take the Panda.
A: OK. Would you like me to wrap it up?
T: Yes.
A: Here you are. Thank you for shopping here.
T: Bye.
Step Ⅲ Function
This part is about the numbers and percentage. In Activity 1, the students need to fill in a box using the given information. In Activity 2, ask the students to write a short passage according to the information in Activity 1.
T: Your performance is wonderful. Now let’s turn to Page 57, FUNCTION. First, I will ask some students to read the sentences in Activity 1. Please pay attention to the numbers and percentage. Who would like to have a try?
The students read the sentences loudly.
...
T: You have done a good job. OK. Thank you. Let’s look at the box on Page 58. You can discuss in pairs and fill in it.
...
Three minutes later, check their answers.
T: Well done. You have filled in the correct informa-tion. Now, let’s look at Activity 2. I will give you ten minutes to write the passage. After finishing, I would like some of you to read out your compositions to the class.
...
Ten minutes later, check their passages.
A sample version:
In Li Kang’s hometown education has grown rapidly. The town had a population of 2,500,000 in 1978. By 2003, the population has reached up to 3,800,000. It has increased by 52%. Compared with 450,000 in 1978, the number of school kids has increased by 90%, reaching as many as 855,000. Meanwhile, the number of the JH students has increased from 420,000 in 1978 to 790,000 in 2003. The percentage of increase is 88%. But the number of SH students has only increased by 70%, from 380,000 to 646,000 since 1978. Much to our joy, the number of in-service learners has increased by 128%. Now there are 180,000 in-service learners, compared to 79,000 in 1978. In a word, the education in his hometown has changed dramatically, which will promote the development of local economy in the future.
Step Ⅳ Writing (P56)
The students are asked to do the writing after class. After reading through the compositions, choose the best ones to the whole class. Show the following samples on the screen:
Sample 1：
I don’t agree with this opinion. To start with, we can only get some information, but not all of the information is what we need. There is lots of information on the Internet, so it takes us lots of time to search for a proper one. Besides, it is very important to have a teacher, who can give his / her lesson lively and with a clear aim. If we have problems, we can turn to him / her for help. On the Internet, we can only get information and pictures, but we can not get a person to discuss with. What’s more, in the class with a teacher we can also work on the problems together. That will do good to both our friendship and team spirits.
Spending too much time playing computer games will push us into a pitch-fall of pleasure and affect our study. What is worse, logging on the Internet for a long time is bad for our health especially eyes and back. In my opinion, we need to search for the good websites and limit the online time.
Sample 2：
I don’t agree with the opinion. Though Internet makes our life interesting and colorful, it has negative effects on our life. First, if a student is addicted to the Internet and spends too much time playing computer games, it will affect his study. Second, some information on the Internet is not suitable for children. So we should look for information on good and useful websites. Third, chatting with strangers by QQ, or MSN etc is a dangerous thing. Furthermore, staying a long time before screen will do harm to our health. In a word, we should be aware of online safety.
Step Ⅴ Speaking and Writing (P101)
First, ask the students to work in pairs and discuss the questions in Ex. 17. After discussion they need to find out how they could improve computer facilities in their school in Ex. 18. For Ex. 19, the students need to read the passage and find out five things that need improving. If time is not enough, Ex. 20 will be done after class.
T: Now I will give you several minutes to discuss the questions in Ex. 17.
Two minutes later, collect their answers.
T: How about the first question?
S: There are about 200 computers in our school.
T: Where are they? Is there a special computer room?
S: They are in the electronic library, in the office and students’ computer room.
T: How about next one?
S: The students and teachers can use the computers.
T: No. 4. Who’d like to try?
S: We have CD-ROMs, printers, DVD drives, modems and scanners.
T: What software is there in the library?
S: We have 60,000 electronic books but there are not enough CD-ROMs of the text.
T: How many computers have Internet links?
S: All of the computers at school are linked.
T: The facilities in our school are good in general. But how do you think we could improve computer facilities in our school? Can you give some concrete suggestions?
S: The students’ computer room should be provided with 40 new computers.
S: If possible, electronic library should be opened to the students every afternoon.
S: We need to have a computer in the classroom, which is good for both teachers and students.
S: Buy some CD-ROMs going with our textbooks.
Give the students five minutes to finish Ex. 19.
Sample answers:
1. They need more printers.
2. They can’t access the Internet.
3. There are no English CD-ROMS.
4. Students can only use the IT room during classes with their teachers.
5. There aren’t enough computers, so they have to wait a long time to use the Internet
T: Next, do Ex. 20 on P102 after class.
A sample version:
Computer Facilities in Our School
In my school, we have a special IT computer room with 60 computers for the students, an electronic library with 40 computers and 4 multi-media classrooms. In the teachers’ office, every teacher is provided with a desktop computer, which is of great help to their work. All of the computers have Internet links. Each computer has a monitor, keyboard, mouse, CD-ROM and hard disk. The teachers share one printer and a scanner in the same office.
Though the school facilities are good, something still needs to be improved. First, the students can only use computers in the class. We need to supply more computers to the students. Second, the computer is too old to work. Therefore, it is necessary to buy more new ones. Furthermore, we can only use the electronic library at a given time. It would be better if we are allowed to use the computers every afternoon. If possible, I hope we can have a computer in each classroom, which will do good to both teachers and students.
Step Ⅵ Homework
Task: Prepare a poster showing the uses of the Internet.
This task needs some out-of-class research. So it is best given at the end of the week so that the students can work on it over the weekends. After the students finish it, the teacher can have a poster exhibition in the class. Then choose the best ones to the students.
Sample poster 1:
Nowadays the Internet is more and more popular. However, I prefer to study at a traditional school. First, the school provides a place where all the students spend most of their time together, so we can develop a long and lasting friendship. And the students will benefit from this precious friendship all their life. They will also learn from teachers and classmates and thus improve their social skills. These advantages of a traditional school are the disadvantages of the Internet. With nobody to have a face-to-face discussion, the students can easily get lonely, which may lead to unhealthy personalities.
Sample Poster 2:
Nowadays studying on the Internet is more and more popular. I think it is a good way of studying. First, the Internet enables people to study whenever and wherever. People can also choose to study whatever they are interested in. However, a traditional school doesn’t provide such great freedom. the students have to study given subjects in a certain classroom. Even if they are not interested in what is taught, they have to stay there. Besides, due to the large number of students in a class, some students’ weak subjects can not attract the teachers’ attention. I love studying on the Internet. It brings me a lot of chances and freedom.
附 件
1. The World Wide Web
The World Wide Web is part of the computer Internet system. A recent study shows that more than thirty million computer users link to the communications system called the Internet. The study shows that most of these people are using the World Wide Web.
Computers are linked with the Internet. The Internet is a communication system that permits millions of computers to send and receive information. The World Wide Web is an important part of the Internet system. People use the Web to search for news, products and educational information. They may also play games, buy books, records or other products or plan a holiday trip. These World Wide Web areas are called “Websites”.
Before the World Wide Web existed, information on the Internet was mostly written, now, the Web provides the same written information but also includes sound, color pictures, television pictures and movies.
In 1993, a computer could only link with 130 websites, and it was difficult to link a computer with a website. In I994, computer scientists made it easier. Today there are millions of websites. Many more are being added each day.
The World Wide Web Consortium is an inter-national group. It is headed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in the United States; the National Institute for Research in Computer Science and Control in France and Keio University in Japan. The Consortium includes more than 275 smaller computer organizations. These groups work together to improve how information is offered on the Web.
2. Tim Berners-lee and the World Wide Web
Build the highway and watch the town grow. At first a few shops appear and maybe a restaurant. Then a hotel opens. Finally new houses are built. A village is born.
This is also how the virtual world has developed. Think of the Internet as the road carrying information between two computers. Think of the World Wide Web as the village. At first it is just a place on the virtual road where travelers meet. With more travelers coming along with new kinds of information, new villages start.
Every village has a founder. Tim Berners-lee is the man who wrote the software programme that led to the foundation of the World Wide Web. How did he get the idea? “One of the things computers were not able to do was store information from different sources. The dream behind the Web is of a common space in which we communicate by sharing information.” he says.
Tim burners-Lee could have followed Microsoft route by forming a company to sell the programmes he invented. Or he could have joined an existing company. But in his view the Web is a language, not a product. Charging a fee for using his programmes would have slowed the growth of the Web. And other companies would make similar products to compete. Instead of one World Wide Web there would be several smaller Webs. Each would use incompatible (不相容的) software. The Web is valuable because it uses a common computer language to reach people and share information. Imagine if someone sent a bill every time when you spoke a world of English.
In 1994 Tim Berners-Lee formed the World Wide Web Consortium or W3C. More than 200 leading companies and laboratories are represented by W3C. Together they make sure that everyone, no matter what their equipment or software is, can work equally on the Web. “The Web can help people understand the way that others live and love. It helps us understand the humanity of people.” He says.
3. Sir Tim Berners-Lee
Creating the World Wide Web didn’t make Tim Berners-Lee instantly rich or famous. In part, that’s because the Web sprang from relatively humble technologies. Berners-Lee’s invention was based on an information retrieval program called Enquire (named after a Victorian book, Enquire Within upon Everything), which he wrote in 1980 as a contract programmer at the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) in Geneva, Switzerland. In part, it’s because Berners-Lee did the unthinkable thing: more than a decade later, he finished writing the tools that defined the Web’s basic structure: he gave them away, with CERNs blessing, no strings attached. While others made millions off his invention, the soft-spoken programmer went on to found the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) at MIT, which he still directs, to promote global Web standards and development.
Berners-Lee is finally getting his reward: in July he was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II, and the previous month he received Finland’s million-euro Millennium Technology Prize, awarded “for out-standing technological achievements that directly promote people’s quality of life, are based on human values, and encourage sustainable economic development.”
Now in new offices in MIT’s Frank Gehry-designed Ray and Maria Stata Center, the 49-year-old native of England is busy overseeing hundreds of projects at the W3C. He is also personally engaged in developing his second big idea: the Semantic Web, which adds definition tags to information in Web pages and links them in such a way that computers can discover data more efficiently and form new associations between pieces of information, in effect creating a globally distributed database. Though part of Berners-Lees original intention is for his invention, the Semantic Web has been 15 years in the making and has met its share of skepticism. But Berners-Lee believes it will soon win acceptance, enabling computers to extract meaning from far-flung information as easily as today’s Internet which simply links individual documents.
4. The History of the Internet
ARPANET started by the US Dept. of Defense for research. It is the original basis for what now forms the Internet. It was opened to non-military users later in the 1970s.
The first international connections to ARPANET are established.
The TCP / IP Protocol established, and the “Internet” is formed as a connected set of networks using TCP / IP.
DNS (Domain Name Server) introduced to the Internet, with then consisted of about 1000 hosts.
World Wide Web, invented by Tim Berners-Lee who saw the need for a global information exchange that would allow physicists to collaborate on research. The Web started as a text-only interface, but NCSA Mosaic later presented a graphical interface for it.
Web traffic over the Internet increased by
300,000%. Netscape 1.0 was written as an alternative browser to NCSA Mosaic.
December JavaScript development announced by Netscape.
Now Internet is still developing faster and faster...
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