Unit 2 The Olympic Games 语言要点 单元要点预览(旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点) 词汇 部分 词语 辨析 1. make sure/be sure/for sure 2. in charge of/in the charge of 3. compete / contest 4. basis / base / foundation(顺序未调)   词形 变化 1. advertise vt. 做广告; 登广告 advertisement n. 广告 advertising n. 做广告 (作定语)    2. replace v. 代替, 取代 replacement n. 代替, 取代  replaceable adj. 可代替的;    3. interview v. n.?面试, 面谈; 采访 interviewee ? ?(面试中)受审核者; 被接见者; 被采访者 interviewer主持面试者; 接见者; 采访者   重点 单词 1. admit vt. & vi. 许可某人/物进入;接纳,接受某人(入院入学等);承认,招认 2. charge n. 费用;v. 指控;收费 3. bargain n.协议;廉价物;v.(与某人)讨价还价; 洽谈成交条件; 谈判 4. promise v. & n. 允诺;答应 5. deserve vt. & vi. 应得; 值得   重点 词组 1. take part in参与;参加 2. stand for stand for 代表;象征;表示 used to 过去常做某事 one after another one after another/the other 一个接一个地  重点句子 1. How often do you hold your Games? 2. No other countries could join in, nor could slaves or women.  重点语法 一般将来时的被动语态 (见语法部分)  Ⅰ 词语辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料) 1. make sure/be sure/for sure  【解释】 make sure 意为“确保”“弄清楚”,后接介词短语或从句。 be sure 后接不定式时,意为“一定”“必定”“准会”;若跟of、about短语或从句时,作“肯定”“有把握”解释;to be sure 作插入语时,意为“的确”“诚然”。 for sure 意为“肯定的”“毫无问题地”。   【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空 1). Have you ________ of the time of the train? 2). _________ to write and tell me all the news. 3). She is not pretty, _______, but she is very clever. 4). She won’t lend me any money,and that’s _______. Keys: 1). made sure 2). Be sure 3). to be sure 4). for sure  2. in charge of/in the charge of  【解释】 in charge of 表示“主管”,“看管”,“负责”。 in the charge of 表示“在……掌管之下;由……掌管”  【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空 1). He is _______ the school. 2). The school is _______ him. Keys: 1). in charge of 2). in/under the charge of  3. compete / contest  【解释】 compete 表示“为了争得名次、奖金,合同等”,并不含有将对手征服的意思。 contest 所表示的竞赛可以是友谊赛,也可以是有敌意的竞赛,旨在比试技能、能力、力气、耐力等,此外还可以表示赢得选举。  【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空 1). The children _________ against each other t reach the other end of the pool. 2). The soldiers ________ every inch of ground. Keys: 1). compete 2). contested  4. basis / base / foundation  【解释】 basis 主要用作抽象或引申意义。 base 侧重指构成或支撑某一物体的基础,也可指军事基地或用作比喻意义。 foundation 用于具体意义时,侧重指坚固结实的建筑物的基础或地基,用作比喻意义时,与basis基本相同。  【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空 1). All dams need sound _________. 2). The vase falls over a lot because the ________ is too small. 3). The ______ of her opinion is something she read in the magazine. Keys: 1). foundations 2). base 3). basis  Ⅱ 词性变化 (旨在提供语法填空所需材料) 1. advertise vt. 做广告; 登广告 advertisement n. 广告 advertising n. 做广告(作定语)  2. replace v. 代替, 取代 replacement n. 代替, 取代  replaceable adj. 可代替的;  3. interview v. n.?面试, 面谈; 采访 interviewee ? ?(面试中)受审核者; 被接见者; 被采访者 interviewer主持面试者; 接见者; 采访者  【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空 1) Cigarette ________ should be banned. (advertise) 2) They ________ their services on TV. (advertise) 3) If you want to sell your old sofa, why not put an _________ in the local paper? (advertise) 4) They will find a ________ for Sue while she is ill (replace) 5) Can anything _________ a mother's love? (replace) 6) Can you find a _________ book? (replace) 7) We __________ 20 people for the job. (interview) 8) I've got an _________ with National Chemicals. (interview) Keys: 1) advertising 2) advertise 3) advertisement 4) replacement 5) replace 6) replaceable 7) interviewed 8) interview  Ⅲ 重点词汇 (旨在提供综合运用所需材料) 1. admit vt. & vi. 许可某人/物进入;接纳,接受某人(入院入学等);承认,招认 [典例] 1). The school admits sixty new boys and girls every year. 这所学校每年招收六十名男女新生。 2). He was admitted to hospital with minor burns. 他因轻度烧伤而入院。 3). I admit (that) you have a point. 我承认你有理。 4). George would never admit to being wrong. 乔治从不认错。 [重点用法] admit (doing)sth.承认某事/做了某事 admit that +从句 承认…… [练习] 中译英 1). 他招认偷了那辆汽车。 _____________________________________________________________________________________ 2). 不准那个人进来。 _____________________________________________________________________________________ Keys: 1). He admitted having stolen the car. 2). That man is not to be admitted. 2. charge n. 费用;v. 指控;收费 [典例] 1). All goods are delivered free of charge. 一切物品免费送货。 2). He was charged with murder. 他被控犯谋杀罪。 [重点用法] in/under the charge of 在某人照看(掌管)下 in charge of处于控制或支配(某人[某事物])的地位: [练习] 中译英 1). 这些病人由威尔逊医生治疗。 _____________________________________________________________________________________ 2). 这儿谁负责? _____________________________________________________________________________________ Keys: 1). These patients are under the charge of Dr Wilson. 2). Who's in charge here? 3. bargain n.协议;廉价物;v.(与某人)讨价还价; 洽谈成交条件; 谈判 [典例] 1). If you promote our goods, we will give you a good discount as our part of the bargain. 若你方经销我们的货物, 我方愿给予你相当大的优惠作为回报。 2). It's a bargain. 这可是便宜货。 3). Never pay the advertised price for a car; always try to bargain. 千万不要照牌价购买汽车, 总得讲讲价才是。 [重点用法] make a bargain with sb about/over/for sth 就某事与某人达成协议 bargain with sb about/over/for sth 就某事与某人讨价还价 [练习] 中译英 1). 你做了一笔很上算的交易。 _____________________________________________________________________________________ 2). 工会为缩短工作周而(与资方)讨价还价。 _____________________________________________________________________________________ Keys: 1). You've got a good bargain there. 2). The unions bargained (with management) for a shorter working week. 4. promise v. & n. 允诺;答应 [典例] 1). I told him the truth under a promise of secrecy. 我在他答应保守秘密之后把真相告诉了他。 2). She promised me (that) she would be punctual. 她向我保证一定准时。 [重点用法] promise to do sth.答应做某事 promise sb. sth.答应某人某事 promise +that 从句 答应…… make a promise许下诺言 keep a promise遵守诺言 carry out a promise履行诺言 break a promise违背诺言 [练习] 中译英 1). 我得让你遵守诺言。 _____________________________________________________________________________________ 2). 我不能保证做到, 但我一定尽力而为。 _____________________________________________________________________________________ Keys: 1). I shall keep you/hold you to your promise. 2). I can't promise, but I'll do my best. 5. deserve vt. & vi. 应得; 值得 [典例] 1). The article deserves careful study. 这篇文章值得仔细研究。 2). They deserve to be sent to prison. 他们应该入狱。 [重点用法] deserve doing = deserve to be done值得做 [练习] 中译英 1). 她积极努力, 应得到奖赏。 _____________________________________________________________________________________ 2).如果你做错事就应受到惩罚。 _____________________________________________________________________________________ Keys: 1). She deserves a reward for her efforts. 2). If you do wrong, you deserve punishing / to be punished / punishment. Ⅳ 重点词组 (旨在提供综合运用所需材料) 1. take part in 参与;参加 [典例] 1). How many countries took part in the last Olympic Games? 有多少个国家参加了上届奥运会? 2). Are you going to take part in the first experiment? 你们会参与首次实验吗? [短语归纳] take one's part(在辩论中)支持某人;站在某……边 have a part to play能帮助;能在……中发挥作用 have/play a part(in sth)参与某事 for the most part多半;通常 [练习] 中译英 1). 他母亲总是护着他。 2). 她积极参与地方政治活动。 Keys: 1). His mother always takes his part. 2). She plays an active part in local politics. 2. stand for 代表;象征;表示 [典例] 1). The sign X stands for an unknown number. 符号X表示一个未知数。 2). My mother stands for the kind treatment of all children. 我妈妈主张对待一切孩子都要慈爱。 [短语归纳] stand by袖手旁观;无动于衷 stand by sb支持;帮助;忠于 stand out(from/as)显眼;突出 stand up站起;站立;起立 [练习] 中译英 1). 无论如何,我都支持你。 2). 我谴责法西斯主义及其代表的一切。 Keys: 1). I’ll stand by you whatever happens. 2). I condemn fascism and all it stands for. used to 过去常做某事 [典例] used to, would这两个词语都可以表示过去常做某事,有时可以换用。但used to do强调过去习惯性的行为或状态,但是现在没有这种行为或状态了。因此,这个短语的内涵是今昔对比。 1). There used to be only low and dirty houses in our village. [短语归纳] get/be used to sth./doing sth.习惯于某物/做某事,该词组有各种时态 be used to do sth.被用于做…… [练习] 选择正确的答案 1). Jack is used to ___________ to school, but today he came by bus. A. walk B. walking C. walks D. walked 2). Wood _______________ paper and other things. A. is used to make B. is used to making C. used to make D. used to making Keys: 1). A 2). A 4. one after another/the other 一个接一个地 [典例] 1). Please line up one after another. 请按顺序排队。 2). We achieved one victory after another. 我们取得了一个又一个的胜利。 [短语归纳] one by one逐个地;逐一地 one another/each other相互 [练习] 中译英 1). 他把所有书并列摆放起来。 2). 账单纷至沓来。 Keys: 1). He put a11 the books beside each other/one another. 2). The bills kept coming in one after another. Ⅴ 重点句子 (旨在提供句子结构等所需材料) 1. How often do you hold your Games? 你们奥运会多久举行一次? [解释] How often 问某事发生的频率。常用的答语有:every two days, once a week, at times等 How soon问某事在多少时间以内会完成。常用in/within短语回答 ---How soon will my dress be ready? ---In a week. 我的连衣裙要多久准备好?---一周。 How long问某动作或某状态持续多久多长时间。常用for短语回答,for可省略。 ---How long did you stay there? ---Only two days. 你在那呆了多久?---只是两天。 [练习] 中译英 1). 你多久去游泳一次? _____________________________________________________________________________________ 2). 你等了多久了? _____________________________________________________________________________________ Keys: 1). How often do you go swimming? 2). How long did you wait? 2. No other countries could join in, nor could slaves or women. 没有别的国家能参加,奴隶和妇女也不能参加。 [解释] “neither/nor + be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语”意为“……也不”,承接前面的否定句,用倒装语序。如: I can't afford a new car, neither/nor can he. 我买不起新车,他也是。 “so+ be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语”意为“……也”,承接前面的肯定句,用倒装语序。 如: He is tired and so are you. 他累了, 我们也累了。 [练习] 中译英 1). 如果你们今晚去看电影,我也去。 _____________________________________________________________________________________ 2). 我以前没去过上海, 我妹妹也没去过。 _____________________________________________________________________________________ Keys: 1). If you go to the cinema tonight, so will I. 2). I haven't been to Shanghai before and neither has my sister.

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