幻灯片 1 必修三 Units 3~5 Unit4 Astronomy:the science of the stars ---- 幻灯片 2---- 幻灯片 3Ⅰ.晨背5分钟 一、短语晨背 1.solar system太阳系 2.in time及时;终于 3.give birth to产生;分娩 4.in one’s turn轮到某人;接着 5.prevent...from阻止;制止 ---- 幻灯片 4 6.block out挡住(光线) 7.cheer up感到高兴;感到振奋 8.now that既然 9.get the hang of熟悉;掌握;理解 10.break out突发;爆发 11.watch out密切注视;当心;提防 ---- 幻灯片 5二、佳句选粹 1.But when I tried to step forward,I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over. 而当我试着向前迈步的时候,我发觉我被送出去很远,步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍,因而我摔倒了。 2.We watched,amazed as fire broke out on the outside of the spaceship as the earth’s gravity increased. 我们惊奇地看着,随着地球引力的增加,宇宙飞船的外层燃烧起火。 ---- 幻灯片 6 3.What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a solid globe. 随后它会变成什么没有人知道,直到45~38亿年前,这团尘埃才慢慢地形成一个固体的球状物。 ---- 幻灯片 7Ⅱ.单词自查 1. n.系统;体系;制度 2. n.原子 3. pron.& n.& adj.(英)万亿;(美)十亿 4. n.碳 5. n.大气层;气氛 6. adj.基本的;基础的 7. n.酸 system atom billion carbon atmosphere fundamental acid ---- 幻灯片 88. n.链子;连锁;锁链 9. vi.& vt.乘;增加 10. n.氧 11. n.二氧化物 12. n.谜;难题vt.& vi.(使)迷惑;(使)有难 13. n.生物学 14. n.万有引力;重力 15. n.卫星;人造卫星 chain multiply oxygen dioxide puzzle biology gravity satellite ---- 幻灯片 916. adj.温和的;文雅的 17. n.物理学家 18. n.气候 19. vi.& vt.碰撞;坠落 20. n.& vt.拉(力);拖;牵引力 21. vi.& vt.(使)浮动;(使)漂浮 n.漂浮物 22. n.质量;团;块;大量;(复)群众 23. n.天文学→ n.天文学家 gentle physicist climate crash pull float mass astronomy astronomer ---- 幻灯片 10 24. n.宗教;宗教信仰→ adj.宗教的;虔诚的;凭良心的 25. n.学说;理论→ adj.理论的,理论性的 26. n.球体;地球仪;地球→ adj.全球性的;全世界的 religion religious theory theoretical globe global ---- 幻灯片 11 27. adj.猛烈的;激烈的;强暴的→ n.剧烈,猛烈 28. adj.有害的→ n.& v.伤害,危害,对……有害 29. vi.存在;生存→ n.存在,实有;生存 violent violence harmful harm exist existence ---- 幻灯片 12---- 幻灯片 13 harmful adj.有害的;伤害的 ①The court case will do serious harm to my business. 这起诉讼案件将严重损害我的生意。 ②He may look fierce,but he means no harm. 他可能看上去很凶,但并无恶意。 ---- 幻灯片 14 ①harm sth.对……有害 ②do sb.harm/do harm to sb.对某人有害 ③do more harm than good弊大于利 ④There is no harm in(sb.’s)doing sth.做某事无害处 ⑤be harmful to...对……有害处 ⑥do good to sb./do sb.good对某人有好处 ⑦do wrong to sb./do sb.wrong冤枉某人 ---- 幻灯片 15 完成句子 ①Smoking (对……有害)your health. ②Excessive drinking (非常有害健康). is harmful to will do you a lot of harm ---- 幻灯片 16 prevent vt.防止;阻止;预防 ---- 幻灯片 17温馨提示:①以上三个短语用在被动语态中from均不可省去,而在主动语态中,stop与prevent可省去from。 ②keep sb.from doing阻止某人干……;而keep sb.doing表示“让某人一直在干……”;keep doing“继续干……”。 ---- 幻灯片 18---- 幻灯片 19 完成句子 ①这个计划将被阻止实施。 This plan . ②树阻止风把土吹走。 Trees soil away. will be kept from being carried out prevent wind(from)blowing ---- 幻灯片 20 mass n.(聚成一体的)块;堆;大量;大部分;群众 adj.群众的;大量的;总的 ①A litter of gas has less mass than a litter of water. 一公升汽油的质量比一公升水的质量小。 ②There is a mass of children in the yard. 在庭院里有很多小孩子。 ③The masses have boundless creative power. 人民群众有无限的创造力。 ---- 幻灯片 21 ①a mass of一块/团/堆 ②masses of大量的 ③the mass of大多数 ④the masses群众 ---- 幻灯片 22温馨提示:名词前有a mass of或masses of修饰且作主语时,谓语动词的单复数要与mass保持一致。同样用法的词还有:amount,quantity,supply等。 ---- 幻灯片 23 完成句子 ①He has (大量的)bruises. ② (群众)are often the makers of history. a mass of The masses ---- 幻灯片 24 spread vt.& vi.(spread,spread)展开;延伸;流传;涂抹 ①Mom spread a new table­cloth on the table. 妈妈在桌上铺了一块新桌布。 ②He spread jam on bread. 他把果酱涂在面包上。 ③The table was spread for supper. 桌子已摆好,准备吃晚饭。 ---- 幻灯片 25 ①spread sth.on在……铺上…… ②spread out散开,伸展,延伸 ③spread over遍布在…… ④spread to传到,波及 ⑤spread with在……上面涂抹 ---- 幻灯片 26 完成句子 ①Paper­making began in China and (传到)Europe. ②The bird (展开了翅膀) and flew away. spread to spread its wings ---- 幻灯片 27 puzzle vt.& vi.(使)迷惑;(使)苦思 n.迷;难题 ①He presented me with a puzzle—all because he waved to me like someone does on seeing a close friend. 他让我感到迷惑,因为他向我挥手就像看到一位亲密朋友一样。 ---- 幻灯片 28 ②I’ve been sitting here puzzling about what to do. 我一直坐在这里苦苦思索该怎么办。 ③I’ve been trying to puzzle out why she’s so upset. 我一直想试图搞清楚她为什么如此烦恼。 ---- 幻灯片 29 ①sb.be puzzled by sth.某人对……感到迷惑 ②puzzle about/over sth.对某事感到迷惑 ③puzzle one’s brain冥思苦想;绞尽脑汁 ④solve a puzzle解决一个难题 ⑤puzzled adj.无法了解的;困惑的 ⑥puzzling adj.令人费解的 ---- 幻灯片 30 用puzzle的适当形式填空 ①To explain the findings,he offers two theories. ②I that I haven’t heard from Liz for so long. ③She listened with a expression on her face. ④No one has yet succeeded in explaining the of how life began. puzzling am puzzled puzzled puzzle ---- 幻灯片 31 in time 及时;总有一天,迟早;合拍子 ①Fred and Jim did not like each other at first,but in time they became friends. 弗雷德和吉姆开始互不喜欢,可是最终他们成了好朋友。 ---- 幻灯片 32 ②You’ll get used to the weather in Nanjing in time. 你迟早会适应南京的气候的。 ③The audience clapped in time to the music. 观众合着音乐拍子拍手。 ---- 幻灯片 33 ①ahead of time提前,提早 ②all the time一直,始终 ③as time goes on随着时间的推移 ④at no time绝不,在任何时候都不 ⑤at one time曾经,一度 ---- 幻灯片 34⑥at a time一次 ⑦at the same time同时,然而,可是 ⑧from time to time有时,偶尔 ⑨have a good time玩得愉快 in no time立刻,马上 ⑪take one’s time从容不迫;不慌不忙 ⑫once upon a time从前 ⑬kill time消磨时间 ⑭have a hard time doing干……吃了不少苦头 ---- 幻灯片 35 翻译句子 ①我刚好及时赶上那班飞机。 . ②我们及时赶到火车站乘上火车。 . ③他迟早会受到惩罚的。 . I was just in time for the flight We got to the station just in time to catch the train He will be punished in time ---- 幻灯片 36 cheer up v. 使(人)……高兴/振奋;高兴起来,振作起来(表示鼓励) n.欢呼;声援;振奋 ①The crowd cheered when he appeared. 当他出现时群众发出欢呼声。 ②I went to cheer our team on. 我去为我们的队伍加油。 ---- 幻灯片 37 ③He’ll cheer up if you get him a beer. 给他杯啤酒,他的情绪就会好起来。 ---- 幻灯片 38 ①cheer sb.on激励某人 ②with good cheer欣然地 ③a cheerful look高兴的表情 ④Cheers!干杯! ⑤good cheer盛宴,好精神 ⑥cheerful adj.愉快的;兴高采烈的 ---- 幻灯片 39 完成句子 ①向女王陛下三呼万岁。 the Queen! ②那个消息使那家人振奋不已。 The news . Three cheers for cheered the family ---- 幻灯片 40 break out(战争,火灾等)突发,爆发(不用于被动语态) ①Fire broke out in the neighborhood last night. 昨晚附近发生了大火。 ②A war broke out between the North and the South. 南北方之间爆发了战争。 ③We should break away from old concepts and respect the people’s pioneering spirit. 我们既要冲破旧的思想禁锢又要尊重群众的首创精神。 ---- 幻灯片 41 ①break away from脱离;放弃(习惯等);打破(陈套等) ②break in使驯服,闯入,打断,插嘴 ③break into破门而入;闯入 ④break off打断,折断 ⑤break down打破,毁掉,塌,分解;不成功 ⑥break up拆散;打碎;破碎 ⑦break through突围,突破,冲垮 ⑧break into pieces成为碎片 ---- 幻灯片 42 用break相关短语的适当形式填空 ①A terrible tsunami in the southeastern countries of Asia at Christmas,2004. ②The crowd started to when the night fell. ③Negotiations between the two sides have . ④His house was last week. broke out break up broken down broken into ---- 幻灯片 43 now that既然 ①Now that you’ve made mistakes,you should be punished. 由于你犯了错误,你应当被惩罚。 ②Now that the rain is going to stop,we’d better get ready for the afternoon’s match. 既然雨要停了,我们最好为下午的比赛做好准备。 ---- 幻灯片 44 ③Since you’re so interested in English,why not have a try in the English Speech Contest? 既然你对英语这么感兴趣,为什么不试一试参加英语演讲比赛? ---- 幻灯片 45 其他引导原因状语从句的连词: because“因为”;since“既然”;as“由于”;for“因为” ---- 幻灯片 46---- 幻灯片 47 用because,since/now that,as或for填空 ①—Why aren’t you coming with us to the concert? — I have got a bad headache. ② all the seats were full,he stood up. ③He shook his head, he thought differently. ④ your daughter hasn’t come,let me take you home. Because As for Since/Now that ---- 幻灯片 48 But when I tried to step forward I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.而当我试着向前迈步的时候,我发觉我被送出去很远,步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍,因而我摔倒了。 句中twice as far as为倍数的表达,表示一倍用once,两倍用twice,三倍以上用基数词加times。 ---- 幻灯片 49 这篇文章比那篇文章长两倍。 ①This article is three times as long as that one. ②This article is three times the length of that one. ③This article is twice longer than that one. ④This article is longer than that one by twice. ---- 幻灯片 50 倍数关系有以下四种表示方法: ①倍数+as+(形容词/副词)原级+as+比较对象(是……的几倍); ②倍数+the+度量名词+of+比较对象(是……的几倍); ③倍数+(形容词/副词)比较级+than+比较对象(比……大几倍); ④(形容词/副词)比较级+than+比较对象+by+净增倍数(比……大几倍)。 ---- 幻灯片 51 完成句子 ①他们军队的规模只有我们军队的一半左右。 Their army is about ours. ②我的收入是你的2倍。 My income is yours. half the size of twice as much as ---- 幻灯片 52---- 幻灯片 53 谢谢观看! ----

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