幻灯片 1《高中英语》 选修（模块）6-1.4 ---- 幻灯片 2虚拟语气 Subjunctive Mood (I) GRAMMER 语法 备注： OVERLOOK Task 任务 : * Understanding the Meaning of Subjunctive Mood 理解虚拟 语气的概念 * Having Good Commands of Unreal Conditional Sentence 掌 握 IF虚拟条件句 的用法 Topics 要点 : * About Subjunctive Mood 关于虚 拟语气 * 'IF' Unreal Conditional Sentence IF虚拟条件句 * Useful Sentence Patterns 常用 句型 * Summury & Homework 总结与作业 Emphasis 重点 : * Useful Sentence Patterns 常用 句型 Difficulty 难点 : * The Tense of 'IF' Unreal Conditional Sentence IF虚拟条 件句的时态 ---- 幻灯片 3陈述语气 I went to the theatre yesterday. Jack hadn’t come back home yet. 祈使语气 Let’s go. Don’t touch anything on the table until the bell rings. 一. 语气的分类 ---- 幻灯片 4虚拟语气 If I were you,I would not leave her alone. Our teacher suggested that we go to the library this afternoon. ---- 幻灯片 5条件句表示主句的条件,分真实条件句 和虚拟条件句 两种。 a. 真实条件句 表示条件是真的或有可能实现的, 采用陈述语气。 b. 虚拟条件句 表示条件是无法实现或几乎无法实现的, 采用虚拟语气。 ---- 幻灯片 6二. ‘if ’虚拟条件句的概念 由 ‘if’ 引导的虚拟条件句叫作 ‘if’虚拟条件句 I could easily recognize if I had seen him before. 其他虚拟条件句 Without your help, I couldn’t have finished my work on time. ---- 幻灯片 7三. if Sentence Structure ‘if ’虚拟条件句的结构 a. 表示与现在事实相反 的假设 b. 表示与过去事实相反 的假设 c. 表示与将来事实相反 的假设 ---- 幻灯片 81. 虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中 (1) 表示与现在事实相反的假设, 条件 状语从句中的谓语动词用“过去式(be 动词的过去式用were)”, 而主句中的谓语动词“would / should/ could / might + 动词原形”。 虚拟语气 If I were a boy, I would join the army. ---- 幻灯片 9What would you do if you won the lottery? If I won the lottery, I would… ---- 幻灯片 10If I won the lottery, I would buy an expensive car. ---- 幻灯片 11If I had a lot of money I would buy a villa. ---- 幻灯片 12If I had a lot of money now, I would travel around the world. If it were fine now, I would go shopping. ---- 幻灯片 13a. If they ____ (be) here, they __________ (take) your advice. b. If the world-war _____ (burst) out again, what _____________ (happen) to our people on earth? were would take burst would happen PRACTICE 1: Fill in the blanks. ---- 幻灯片 14c. If the policeman ________ (be not) in that room, it ________ (be) very dangerous. d. If I ____ (be) in your position, I _________ (ask) for teacher’s help. were not could be were would ask ---- 幻灯片 15 2. 与过去的事实相反 从句的谓语用had＋过去分词, 构成If I (we, you, he, they)＋had＋过去分词的形式； 主句的谓语用should(第一人称)/would (第二、三人称) /could/might have ＋动词过去分词。 ---- 幻灯片 16If he __________ more carefully, he _________________ the car accident yesterday. had driven would not have had ---- 幻灯片 17If I ________ how to swim, I __________________ trapped in this island. had learnt would not have been ---- 幻灯片 18a. If Tom ________ (be) more careful in the exam, he ________________ (pass) it already. b. If you _______ (get) up earlier, you ________________ (catch) the first train. had been would have passed had got would have caught PRACTICE 2: Fill in the blanks. ---- 幻灯片 19c. If I _______ (meet) you yesterday, we ______________ (go) to the concert together. had met would have gone ---- 幻灯片 203. 与将来事实相反 从句的谓语用If I (we, you, he, they) ＋动词过去式或 were to do 或should do 形式, 主句谓语用should(第一人称) /would (第二、三人称) /could/ might ＋动词原形。 ---- 幻灯片 21If he got up early, he would be on time. ---- 幻灯片 22假如他来了, 我们对他说什么呢？ If he were to come, what should we say to him. 假如他看见我, 就会认识我。 If he should see me, he would know me. ---- 幻灯片 23a. If there ________ (be) no natural resource any more, we ___________ (make) use of nuclear power . b. What ____________ (happen) if you ____________ (get up) too late tomorrow? should be should make would happen should get up PRACTICE 3: Fill in the blanks ---- 幻灯片 24c. If Robots _____________ (control) the world some day, here ________ (be) no friendship. were to control would be ---- 幻灯片 25 主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间, 这时主从句位于动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同, 这叫做混合条件句。 例句中从句与过去事实相反, 主句与现在事实相反 If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now. ---- 幻灯片 26If the staff had been more careful, the mall would not be on fire now. ---- 幻灯片 27过去时(were) would/could/should/might +V. (原) 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法。 ---- 幻灯片 28过去完成时 would/could/should/might + have+ p.p. ---- 幻灯片 291.过去时 2.should+V. 3. were to do would/could/ should/ might +V. (原) ---- 幻灯片 30二. 虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法 1. 在动词wish后的宾语从句中, 表示与现在或过去的事实相反, 或对将来的主观愿望, 从句通常省略连词that。 1) 表示对现在情况的虚拟: 从句动词用过去式或过去进行式 (be动词一般用were) 。 ---- 幻灯片 31I wish I were as tall as you. ---- 幻灯片 32I wish I were a bird. ---- 幻灯片 33I wish every day were my birthday. ---- 幻灯片 34I wish/wished I hadn’t eaten so much watermelon. (2) 表示对过去情况的虚拟:从句动词常用“had＋过去分词”。 ---- 幻灯片 35The party was terrible, I wish I had never gone to it. ---- 幻灯片 36(3) 表示对将来的主观愿望: 从句动词形式为 “ would＋动词原形”。 注意: 主句的主语与从句的主要不能相同, 因为主句的主语所期望的从句动作能否实现，取决于从句主语的态度或意愿(非动物名词除外)。 但愿你立刻来。 I wish you would come soon. ---- 幻灯片 37I wish it would rain tomorrow. ---- 幻灯片 38as if/as though 由as if (as though) 或even though (even though) 引导的状语从句表示比较或方式时, 从句谓语形式为动词的过去式(be用were)或 “had＋过去分词”。 ---- 幻灯片 39He behaves as if he owned the house. (But he doesn’t own it or probably doesn’t own it or we don’t know whether he owns it or not.) ---- 幻灯片 40She talks about Rome as though she had been there himself. ---- 幻灯片 41他那样对待我, 好像我式陌生人似的。 He treats me as if I were a stranger. 注意: 如果表示的事情可能会发生, 那么方式状语从句中的谓语动词可用陈述语气。 Even if she were here, she could not solve the problem. ---- 幻灯片 42关于虚拟语气 辩析1 ---- 幻灯片 43关于虚拟语气 辩析2 ---- 幻灯片 44关于虚拟语气 辩析3 ---- 幻灯片 45关于虚拟语气 辩析4 ---- 幻灯片 46关于虚拟语气 辩析5 ---- 幻灯片 47句型练习 (用If I were you句型翻译下列句子) 1. 我要是你的话, 我就会把英语学好。 2. 如果你昨天来, 你就会看见他。 3. 万一明天下雨, 我们就不到那儿去。 4. 我希望我十年前认识他。 5. 他对待我就像对待他自己的儿子一样。 Homework ---- 幻灯片 48关于陈述语气 1 ---- 幻灯片 49What will you do if it rains tomorrow? ---- 幻灯片 50I will stay at home if it rains tomorrow. ---- 幻灯片 51关于陈述语气 2 ---- 幻灯片 52关于祈使语气 1 ---- 幻灯片 53关于祈使语气 2 ---- 幻灯片 54关于祈使语气 3 ---- 幻灯片 55关于祈使语气 4 ---- 幻灯片 56真实条件句  真实条件句用于陈述语气, 假设的情况可能发生, 其中 if 是如果的意思。 时态关系 句型: 条件从句　　 主句 　　 一般现在时 shall/will + 动词原形 If he comes, he will bring his violin. ---- 幻灯片 57The volleyball match will be put off if it ___. A. will rain　 B. rains C. rained D. is rained 答案B 真实条件句主句为将来时, 从句用一般现在时。 ---- 幻灯片 58注意： 在真实条件句中,主句不能用be going to表示将来,该用shall, will. (错) If you leave now, you are never going to regret it. (对) If you leave now, you will never regret it. ---- 幻灯片 592) 表示真理时,主句谓语动词便不用shall (will) +动词原形,而直接用一般现在时的动词形式。 ----
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