幻灯片 1Unit 3 Understanding each other 互相理解
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幻灯片 2Ⅰ. 单词盘点
根据词性和汉语意思写出词汇
1. _________(vt. ) 保证，担保，确保
2. __________(n. ) 招待会；接待；接受
3. __________(vt. ) (尤指以法令)禁止
4. _____________(adj. ) 习惯于；惯常的
ensure
reception
prohibit
accustomed
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幻灯片 35. _________(adj. ) 通晓；熟悉
6. _______(n. ) 手势；姿势；示意动作
7. _____(n. ) 盛宴，宴会；节日
8. _________(n. ) 描述，叙述
9. _______(n. ) 面具
(vt. ) 伪装，掩饰
familiar
gesture
feast
account
mask
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幻灯片 410. ______(n. ) 平原
(adj. ) 清楚的，明显的；坦诚的；朴素的
11. ______(vt. ) 烤，烘焙
(adj. ) 烤的，焙的
12. _______(vt. )和某人打招呼(或问好)→ _________(n. )问候
13. _____________(vt. ) 向(某人)道贺，祝贺→_____________ (n. )祝贺
plain
roast
greet
greeting
congratulate
congratulation
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幻灯片 514. ________(vt. & vi. )允许，准许 (n. )许可证→___________ (n. )允许，许可
15. ________(n. )冒犯；侮辱→ ________(vt. & vi. )触怒；冒犯；犯过错
16. _______(vi. & vt. )适应，习惯；调整，调节→___________ (n. )调整→___________ (adj. )可调整的，可调节的
17. ____________(n. )庆典；庆祝活动→__________ (v. )庆祝
18. ____________(n. )期望，盼望→________ ( v. )期望
permit
permission
offence
offend
adjust
adjustment
adjustable
celebration
celebrate
expectation
expect
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幻灯片 619. __________(n. )少数民族；少数，少数人→_________ (n. )多数；多数人 (反义词)
20. ________(n. )勇敢→ _______(adj. )勇敢的
21. _______(vt. )统治；控制，支配→_________ (n. )主管人员；统治者→____________ (n. )政府
minority
majority
bravery
brave
govern
governor
government
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幻灯片 7【品词自测】
①He didn’t _______ his young daughter to learn to drive. But without his ___________, she got her driving ________. (permit)
②He won an award for outstanding _________ and was considered to be _______. (brave)
③His parents _________ him to be a doctor after graduation but he didn’t live up to their ____________. (expect)
permit
permission
permit
bravery
brave
expected
expectation
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幻灯片 8Ⅱ. 短语回放
1. 应该，理应；被期望 ___________________________
2. 赶走；离开 ___________________________
3. 就某事向某人祝贺 ___________________________
4. 习惯于 ___________________________
5. 适应 ___________________________
6. 做某事有困难 ___________________________
be supposed to
drive away
congratulate sb. on sth.
get used to/get accustomed to
have trouble (in) doing sth.
adjust to
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幻灯片 97. 对……熟悉；通晓 _______________________
8. 毕竟，终究 _______________________
9. 更不用说 _______________________
10. 带某人参观、游览 _______________________
11. 占据(时间或空间) _______________________
12. 知道，意识到 _______________________
13. 与某人握手 _______________________
be familiar with
after all
let alone
show somebody around
take up
be aware of
shake hands with sb.
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幻灯片 1014. 控制，支配 _________________
15. 为……的所在地，是……的家园
_________________
have power over
be home to
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幻灯片 11Ⅲ. 句式扫描
1. Well, it’s _______________________(我们在西方所做的).
2. Many foreigners _______________(有困难) getting accustomed to it.
3. _________________ there are so many French words in English ________(……的一个原因是) the French ruled England for quite a number of years.
what we do in the West
have trouble
One reason why
is that
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幻灯片 124. Many of the words for fast food and snacks also come from German, _________(包括) the famous hamburger.
5. In Thailand and other parts of South-East Asia, the normal greeting is a slight bow ____________________________(双手合十).
6. They ______________ (不喜欢) people do not look at the cards, so remember not to just put them in your pocket without looking.
including
with the hands pressed together
dislike it when
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幻灯片 137. While staying with the Inuit people you will _______________ (有机会) to ride on a dog sled and travel in a seal-skin boat.
have the chance
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幻灯片 14【仿句自测】根据下面句式仿写句子
①The reason why. . . is/ was that. . . ……的原因是……
仿写: 我没有去上海的原因是我得到了一份新工作。
The reason why I didn’t go to Shanghai was that I got a new job.
②including . . . 包括……
仿写: 好消息让每个人都很开心，包括我。
The good news delighted everyone, including me.
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幻灯片 15③with +宾语+宾补
仿写: 买了所有需要的东西之后，她高兴地回家了。
With all the things she needed bought, she went home happily.
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幻灯片 16----
幻灯片 171. ensure vt. 保证，担保，确保
ensure sth. /that 确保……
ensure sb. sth. /ensure sth. for(to) sb.
保证某人获得某物；保证给予某人某物
ensure (sb. ) against/ from sth.
保护(某人)免受危害，使(某人)安全
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幻灯片 18①If you want to ensure that you catch the plane, take a taxi.
你要想确保能赶上那班飞机，就坐出租车去吧。
②Proper clothing ensured us against suffering from the cold. 衣服穿得合适，我们就不会挨冻。
③你的教学经验肯定能使你谋求到一个职位。(一句多译)
Your experience in teaching will ______ ___ __ ____.
=Your experience in teaching will ______ _ ____ ___ ___.
ensure you a post
ensure a post for you
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幻灯片 192. congratulate vt. 向(某人)道贺，祝贺
①I sent him a telegram, congratulating him on his success. 我给他发去一封电报，祝贺他的成功。
②You can congratulate yourself on having done a good job. 你的工作做得很出色，你应该感到自豪。
【归纳】________________________________
就(做)某事向某人道贺
congratulate sb. on sth. / doing sth.
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幻灯片 20【辨析】理解下列区别并选词填空
congratulate
作“祝贺，道贺”解时，需以被祝贺的人作直
接宾语，以介词on或upon引出祝贺的原因。
celebrate
表示举行仪式、典礼的庆祝，只能用事(节
日、胜利、成功等)作宾语，构成celebrate
sth. 。
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幻灯片 21③They __________ their 25th wedding anniversary in Florence and all their old friends went to ____________ them on their silver wedding, which moved them deeply.
他们在佛罗伦萨庆祝他们25周年结婚纪念日，所有的老朋友都前去祝贺他们的银婚，这使得他们极为感动。
celebrated
congratulate
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幻灯片 223. permit vt. & vi. 允许，准许n. 许可证
permit sth. / doing sth. 允许(做)某事
permit sb. sth. / sb. to do sth. 允许某人(做)某事
permit sb. +adv. /prep. 短语允许某人……
permit of 容许，有……的可能性/
余地(多用于否定句)
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幻灯片 23①Students are not permitted to talk aloud in the reading room. 阅览室里不允许学生大声讲话。
②Time/Weather permitting(=If time /weather permits, ) I will see you after the meeting.
如果时间/天气允许的话，会后我去看你。
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幻灯片 24③他不允许你进教室。(一句多译)
He didn’t permit your entering the classroom.
=He didn’t permit you __ _____ the classroom.
=He didn’t permit you ____ the classroom.
④任务紧迫，不容拖延。(判断正误)
The urgency of the task permits for no delay. ( )
The urgency of the task permits of no delay. ( )
to enter
into
×
√
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幻灯片 254. prohibit vt. (尤指以法令)禁止，不准；阻止，使不可能
prohibit sth. / (one’s) doing sth. 禁止(某人)做某事
prohibit sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事
①The government introduced a law to prohibit tobacco commercials on TV.
政府采用新法律来禁止在电视上播放烟草广告。
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幻灯片 26②His small size prohibits his becoming a policeman.
他身材矮小，当不成警察。
③The high cost of equipment _________ many people ______ taking up this sport.
昂贵的装备使许多人对这项运动望而却步。
prohibits
from
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幻灯片 275. offence n. 冒犯；侮辱；触怒；犯法(行为)；罪过
(1)commit an offence against the law/ a rule
犯法/犯规
give/ cause offence to sb. 得罪某人
take offence (at sth. ) (因某事而)生气
(2)offend vt. & vi. 触怒；冒犯；(使)不愉快；
犯过错
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幻灯片 28①She felt she had committed an offence against the rights of others. 她觉得自己侵犯了他人的权利。
②His words gave great offence to everybody present.
他的话使所有在场的人都很不高兴。
③I hope you will not _____ ____ _______ __ my words.
我希望你不要因我的话而生气。
take any offence at
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幻灯片 296. adjust vi. & vt. 适应，习惯；调整，调节；整理，整顿
(1)adjust(oneself) to (使自己)适应
adjust sth. to 把某物调整到……
(2)adjustment n. 调整，调节，适应
make an adjustment 做出调整
(3)adjustable adj. 可调整的，可调节的
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幻灯片 30①It’s difficult to adjust one’s habits to someone else.
一个人很难使自己的习惯适于他人。
②These desks and chairs can be adjusted to the height of any child. 这些桌椅可随儿童身高来调整。
③Mr. Brown has some difficulty in ________ __ ___ ___ _______. 布朗先生不大容易适应新的气候。
adjusting to the new climate
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幻灯片 31【熟词生义】根据语境选择最佳汉语意思
I must adjust my watch—it’s fast.
A. 适应 B. 调整 C. 整顿 D. 校对，校正
【解析】选D。adjust有“校准，调准，校正”之意。
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幻灯片 327. accustomed adj. 习惯于；惯常的
①He took his accustomed seat by the fire.
他在炉火边惯常的座位上坐了下来。
②We have got/ became/been accustomed to living in an air-conditioned room.
我们对生活在有空调的房间里已经习惯了。
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幻灯片 33【归纳】______________________________________
习惯做某事
【点津】accustomed作表语时，意为“习惯于(做)某事”；如果作定语，则表示“惯常的，惯例的”，指长期如此而养成的习惯，已被别人熟悉和了解。
be/ become/ get accustomed to (doing) sth.
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幻灯片 348. familiar adj. 通晓；熟悉
be familiar to 为……所熟悉
be familiar with 精通……，通晓……
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幻灯片 35①My eyes travelled over the crowded room, seeking a familiar face. 我的眼睛来回扫视拥挤的房间，想找到一张熟悉的面孔。
②选词填空(with/to)
The name of Yao Ming is familiar__ most Chinese. That’s to say most Chinese people are familiar _____ the name of Yao Ming. 姚明的名字为大多数中国人所熟悉。也就是说，大多数中国人知道姚明这个名字。
to
with
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幻灯片 36【点津】 be familiar to的主语可以是人，也可以是物，宾语通常是人；be familiar with的主语只能是人，宾语是所熟悉的内容或物。
【熟词生义】根据语境选择最佳汉语意思
Don’t be too familiar with him—he’s a dishonest man.
A. 熟悉的 B. 精通的 C. 过分亲密的
【解析】选C。句意：别与他交往过密——他这人不诚实。
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幻灯片 379. account n. 描述，叙述；报道；账户；解释，说明；考虑
(1)give an account of 给予描述；进行说明
take sth. into account/take account of sth.
认真考虑某事
on account of 由于，因为
(2)account vt. 认为；把……看作……
vi. 解释，说明
account for 解释，说明(原因、钱的用途
等)；(在数量、比例方面)占……
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幻灯片 38①She gave a thrilling account of her life in the jungle.
她绘声绘色地描述了自己在丛林中的生活。
②The company takes environmental issues into account wherever possible. (句型转换)
=The company _____ ________ __ environmental issues wherever possible.
只要有可能，这家公司总是尽量考虑到环境问题。
takes account of
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幻灯片 39③The sports meeting had to be put off __ _______ __ bad weather. 由于坏天气，运动会不得不被推迟。
【熟词生义】根据语境选择最佳汉语意思
His opinion is of little account to me.
A. 叙述 B. 说明 C. 考虑 D. 价值，重要性
【解析】选D。句意为：他的意见对我几乎没有价值。
on account of
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幻灯片 40【真题链接】
［2011天津，6］ I _______ a bank account after I made﹩1，000 by doing a part-time job during the summer vacation.
A. borrowed B. opened C. entered D. ordered
【解析】选B。考查动词辨析。句意：在暑假，通过做兼职工作，赚了1, 000美元后我开了一个银行账户。A项是“借”；B项是“开”；C项是“进入”；D项是“命令，订购”。根据句意可知选B。
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幻灯片 4110. let alone更不用说，更别提
①He hasn’t enough money for food, let alone amusement.
他连吃饭的钱都不够，就更不用说有钱玩了。
②Her income was barely enough to maintain one child, let alone three.
她的收入养活一个孩子都几乎不够，更不用说三个了。
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幻灯片 42用所给动词的适当形式填空
③I haven’t decided where to go, let alone when _______(leave).
我还没决定去的地方，更不用说离开的时间了。
④Tom was hardly walking at the age of four, let alone _______ (run).
汤姆4岁时几乎还不会走路，更别说跑了。
to leave
running
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幻灯片 43【点津】(1)let alone后面若接动词，通常与前面相关动词的形式相同。
(2)表示“更不用说”的短语还有：not to mention, not to say。
【拓展】 let sb. / sth. alone
不干涉，不打扰；不碰，不理，放任
let sb. down 使某人失望
let out 释放，放走；发出某种声音；
出租(房屋)；把(衣服)改大
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幻灯片 4411. show somebody around带某人参观、游览
Now that you are all here, let me show you around our farm. 既然大家都到齐了，我就带你们参观我们的农场吧。
【拓展】补全下列短语
show ________ 给某人展示某物
show ___________ 把某人带进来/带出去
show ____ 卖弄，炫耀
show ___ 出现，露面；显现出来
sb. sth.
sb. in/ out
off
up
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幻灯片 4512. take up占据(时间或空间)；开始从事，拿起
仔细阅读下列句子，体会take up的不同含义
① I’m sorry I’ve already taken up so much of your valuable time. ( )
②She took up the receiver and began to dial the number.
( )
③She used blotting paper to take up the ink. ( )
占据时间
拿起，捡起
吸收
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幻灯片 46④When did Joan first take up music? ( )
⑤I put my telephone down and took up my work again. ( )
⑥Professor Huang took up gardening, golf and yoga after his retirement. ( )
对……感兴趣
继续
学着做，开始做
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幻灯片 4713. have power over 控制，支配(=have sb. / sth. in one’s power)
①His idea that men should have power over women was strongly criticized. 他认为男人应当支配女人，这个观点遭到了强烈的批判。
②People have power over animals, so they use animals to help their own species.
人类控制着动物，因此他们利用动物帮助人类自己。
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幻灯片 48【拓展】
根据汉语意思写出下列短语
_______________ 上台，开始执政
________________________ 为某人能力所不及
____________________ 在能力/权力之内
__________ 掌权的
come into power
beyond/ out of one’s power
in/ within one’s power
in power
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幻灯片 4914. Many foreigners have trouble getting accustomed to it.
许多外国人很难适应这种做法。
have trouble (in) doing sth. 意为“做某事有困难”。
(1) have/there is trouble (in) doing sth. 意为“做某事有困难”，trouble为不可数名词，前面可加修饰词much，little，no等；
(2)trouble可换用difficulty, 意思不变，difficulty也为不可数名词；
(3)若trouble后跟名词，介词in换成with。
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幻灯片 50①I hope you won’t have trouble with the work.
我希望你做这项工作不会有什么困难。
②He said he ____ _____ _______ __ ________ a house whose rent was low.
他说他很难找到租金便宜的房子。
had some trouble in finding
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幻灯片 51【拓展】根据汉语意思写出下列短语
______________ 自寻烦恼
__________________ (使某人)陷入困境，(给某人)
找麻烦
___________ 处于不幸(困境)中
______________________ 不辞辛苦做某事
【想一想】类似于have trouble/ difficulty (in) doing sth. 的结构你还能想起哪些？
ask for trouble
get (sb. ) into trouble
in trouble
take the trouble to do sth.
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幻灯片 52【拓展延伸】
有相同用法的结构还有以下这些：have fun in doing sth. 做某事很有趣；have a hard time in doing sth. 做某事很困难；have a wonderful time in doing sth. 做某事很愉快。
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幻灯片 5315. They dislike it when people do not look at the cards, so remember not to just put them in your pocket without looking. 他们不喜欢人们不看名片，所以要记住，不要看都不看就把名片塞进口袋。
句中dislike是及物动词，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语为when引导的从句。可以把dislike it when作为一个句型来记，意为“不喜欢……”。
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幻灯片 54(1)英语中在表示喜爱、憎恶之类的动词后面常常不直接加宾语从句，而要用形式宾语it，然后再加真正的宾语从句，这样的动词有appreciate, enjoy, like, dislike, love, hate, prefer等。
(2)一些动词短语后面也常用it作形式宾语然后加真正的宾语从句，常见的动词短语有：depend on, rely on, see to(确保)等。
(3) owe it to sb. (把……归功于某人)以及take it for granted(认为……理所当然)也是此结构。
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幻灯片 55①I will see to it that everything is ready in time.
我会保证任何事情都会及时准备就绪。
②I owe it to you that I have achieved so great results in my research work.
我在研究工作中取得如此巨大的成果应归功于你。
③I ____ __ ____ she never finds faults with others.
她从不挑别人的毛病，我喜欢她这一点。
like it that
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幻灯片 56(1)what引导的名词性从句
(2)chance的用法
(3)including与included的区别
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幻灯片 571. My parents used ________ they had to get a new car for me.
A. which B. that C. what D. all what
【解析】选C。考查名词性从句。句意：我父母用他们所有的钱为我买了一辆新车。what they had作use的宾语，what在宾语从句中作had的宾语。
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幻灯片 582. Dad is used to smoking and drinking. There’s no chance _______ I’m able to talk him into ________.
A. whether; giving it up B. of whether; giving them up
C. that; getting rid of them D. which; stopping it
【解析】选C。There’s no chance of sth. /that-clause，意为“没有……的可能性”，此种结构用that引导同位语从句而不用whether； them代指上文的smoking and drinking，故答案选C。
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幻灯片 593. The band played many songs, including some of my favourites. (句型转换)
=The band played many songs , _____ __ ___ _________
_________.
some of my favourites
included
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幻灯片 61写作提升(七)——应用文(四)
新闻报道也是高考书面表达考查应用文的重要形式之一，其结构分为: 标题、导语、主体和结语四部分。写新闻报道时注意标题语言要风趣幽默，有吸引力，写作依据的材料要充分，用事实说话，同时语言要简练、准确。最后报道中要有亮点，能使人深思或产生兴趣等。
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幻灯片 62 《21世纪学生英文报》记者采访了你校“争做好学生好公民” 活动， 并邀请你就活动前后同学们的言行变化写一篇英语新闻报道，同时发表你的个人看法。
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幻灯片 63 注意：
1. 请根据以上提供的信息写篇报道，个人看法可自由发挥。
2. 词数：150左右。
3. 参考词汇：活动 campaign;抢座位 scramble for seats
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幻灯片 64【审题谋篇】
1. 本篇为新闻报道，为应用文形式之一，目的是报道“争做好学生好公民”活动前后变化的情况及个人看法。
2. 人称：第一人称
3. 时态：活动前的情况——一般过去时
活动后的情况及个人看法——一般现在时
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幻灯片 65 4. 写作要点：
①简要概述活动情况
②活动前学生在学习、礼貌等方面的情况
③活动后学生的变化情况
④个人对此活动的看法
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幻灯片 66【常用模板】
Ⅰ. 格式模板
开头：At the beginning of the term, a campaign. . . and great changes have taken place. . .
正文：Before the campaign, we used to. . . The campaign has changed us a lot. . .
结尾：The campaign is a very good experience. . .
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幻灯片 67 Ⅱ. 句式模板
1. 陈述“变化的发生”
①Great changes have taken place in . . .
②. . . take on a new look. . .
③. . . see great changes. . .
2. 副词置于句首，修饰整个句子
①Luckily, he passed the exam.
②More importantly, we have made great progress.
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幻灯片 68【尝试运用】
1. 过去我们经常忘记与老师打招呼，课后喧哗。
We used to forget to greet our teachers and after class we made loud noises. (同义句转换)
Often, we forgot to greet our teachers and after class we made loud noises.
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幻灯片 69 2. 我们等车插队，上车抢座。
We jumped the queue when we were waiting for buses and scrambled for seats. (用状语从句的省略形式改写句子)
We jumped the queue when waiting for buses and scrambled for seats.
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幻灯片 70 3. 这次活动是一次很好的经历，我们从中学到了很多。
一般表达：
The campaign is a very good experience and we have learned a lot from it.
高级表达：
The campaign is a very good experience, from which we have learned a lot.
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幻灯片 71【佳文点睛】
_______________ of the term, a campaign called “To be a good student and a good citizen” was launched in our school, ____ great changes have taken place since then.
Before the campaign, we used to be late for school ____ fail to hand in our homework in time. ______, we forgot to greet our teachers and after class we made loud noises.__________, we jumped the queue when waiting for buses and scrambled for seats.
At the beginning
and
and
Often
Worse still
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幻灯片 72 _________, the campaign has changed us a lot. We are no longer late for school ___ are more careful in our homework. We have learned to show respect for the elders, help others, wait in line for buses and give up seats to other passengers.
The campaign is a very good experience, from which we have learned a lot. ________________, we have got rid of many bad habits ____ have become better students at school and better citizens in society.
However
and
More importantly
and
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幻灯片 73 请你以记者的身份，根据案件登记卡所提供的情况，用英语写一篇新闻报道稿。
注意：1. 词数：150左右。
2. Key words部分要用适当的联想描述事情发生的
经过及目前警察的行动。
3. 适当发挥不扣分。
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幻灯片 74______________________________________________________
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幻灯片 75【参考范文】
Yesterday afternoon a robbery happened in a bank in the Park Street.
According to the witnesses’ statements, it was five minutes to 5: 00 pm, just before the closing time of the bank. And it was raining heavily, with little traffic on the road outside. Suddenly, two young men with masks rushed in and threatened the clerks with guns. Then they put the money in bags, rushed out and drove away with about 20, 000 dollars. All the things lasted for only a few minutes, which surprised most people.
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幻灯片 76 Fortunately, there was nobody killed or wounded in the robbery. The police are still in search of the robbers, hoping whoever gets the connected information will call them up as soon as possible.
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