幻灯片 1Unit 1 Tales of the unexplained 不解之谜 ---- 幻灯片 2话题之四——家庭生活 三年3考 [2011陕西]假定你是中学生李华。在一位名叫TigerMom的学生家长的博客上，你看到如下内容。请你根据博客内容、写作要点和要求，给这位家长回复。 ---- 幻灯片 3 I’m the mother of a fourteen-year-old. I have a rule for my daughter: be among the top 5 students or get punished in one way or another. She has been doing very well in school, but some friends of mine keep telling me that I put too much pressure on her. Am I wrong? 写作要点：1. 表明自己的看法；2. 陈述自己的理由(可举例说明)；3. 提出至少两条建议。要求：短文词数不少于100。 ---- 幻灯片 4Hi, TigerMom, What puzzles you is actually a puzzle for many parents in China. My idea is that it is not quite right for you to do so. Although high grades are an important factor in evaluating students and for their future university admission, development in wisdom, emotion, health, and life attitude should never be ignored. There are many examples around us. Some all-A students in school have turned out not to be as successful in ---- 幻灯片 5society as they were expected. The reason is often that the pressure from their parents allows them almost no time for other activities. Furthermore, punishment is by no means a wise choice to help them grow up mentally and physically. So I suggest that you take your friends’ advice. More importantly, let her live like a lovely girl; let her have more friends and social activities; and let her make mistakes of her own as we teenagers often do. ---- 幻灯片 61. 本文以博客回复的形式来写，反映了命题的鲜明时代性。另外，全文结构清晰，要点齐全, 切合试题要求。 ①第一段首先表明自己的态度，承接家长博客话题引出本文。 ②第二段说明原因，结合实例，可信度强。 ③第三段提出自己的建议，然后用三个并列句表达，说服力强。 ---- 幻灯片 72. 全文行文流畅，使用词汇恰当。 ①高级词汇和短语：evaluate, ignore, turn out, by no means, mentally and physically, make mistakes ②高级句型：What puzzles you. . . , My idea is that. . . , . . . as they were expected, The reason is often that. . . ③语篇过渡语：although, furthermore, so, more importantly ---- 幻灯片 8【佳作习得】完成句子 Chinese players won 5 gold medals in Vancouver Winter Olympic Games, _______________________(正如我们先前预料到的). as we had expected before ---- 幻灯片 9 基础知识的掌握是形成语言能力的源头。本栏目内容在高考时虽不直接考查，但考题无不由此而生。感觉简单未必掌握，认为掌握未必精准。化主干梳理为习题训练，变知识再现为能力提升。训练式梳理，创新记忆模式，提升复习效果！高考成败，根基在此，不可小觑！ ---- 幻灯片 10Ⅰ. 单词盘点 根据词性和汉语意思写出词汇 1. ______(n. ) 故事，传说 2. _______(n. &vt. ) 目击者，证人；目击，见证 3. _______(vt. ) 假定；认为 4. ______(vi. ) 发生 tale witness assume occur ---- 幻灯片 115. ___________(n. ) 证据 6. ________(vt. ) 不予考虑；解雇；解散 7. ________(n. ) 笑，笑声 8. ____________(adj. ) 适当的 9. _________(n. ) 折扣 10. _______(n. &vt. ) 奖，奖品，奖金；授予，奖励 11. _________(v. &n. ) 攻击；进攻 evidence dismiss laughter appropriate discount award attack ---- 幻灯片 1212. _______(n. ) 长度 13. ________(n. &vt. ) (动植物)保护区；储备；预订； 保留 14. __________(n. ) 力量，力气 15. _________(vi. &vt. ) 生存；挺过(难关) 16. ________(adj. )困惑的，茫然的→ _________(adj. )令人困惑的→ _________(v. )使困惑 length reserve strength survive puzzled puzzling puzzle ---- 幻灯片 1317. __________(n. )可能性→ __________(adj. )可能的 18. ________(n. )伤害→_______(v. )伤害→_______ (adj. )受伤的 19. _____________(adj. )热情的；热烈的；满腔热忱的 → _______________(adv. )热情地；热烈地；满腔热忱地 →____________ (n. )热情 20. _______(vi. )存在→ __________(n. )存在 possibility possible injury injure injured enthusiastic enthusiastically enthusiasm exist existence ---- 幻灯片 1421. ___________(vi. )不同意→ _____________(n. )不同意 →_________ (vi. ) 同意→___________ (n. )同意；一致 22. __________(n. )幽默→___________ (adj. )幽默的 23. _________(vt. )组织，筹备；安排，处理→_________ (adj. )安排有序的，有组织的→ _____________(n. )组织；安排 24. __________(vt. )使确信，使相信→___________ (adj. )坚信不移的→ ____________(adj. )令人信服的 disagree disagreement agree agreement humour humorous organize organized organization convince convinced convincing ---- 幻灯片 15【品词自测】根据所给词的适当形式填空 ①He claimed that working too hard was _________ his health. And the ________ was very terrible. (injure) ②All the staff are ___________ about the project, whose ___________ inspires the manager, too. (enthusiastic) ③Do you believe in the ___________ of ghosts? I don’t believe they _______. (exist) injuring injury enthusiastic enthusiasm existence exist ---- 幻灯片 16④It’s a ___________ speech and I’m __________ that many people will benefit from it. (convince) ⑤The ___________ often __________ many activities efficiently. You can see, it is very __________. (organize) convincing convinced organization organized organized ---- 幻灯片 17Ⅱ. 短语回放 1. 遇见；碰到 _______________ 2. 加紧，加强，促进 _______________ 3. 由于，因为 _______________ 4. 穿戴；上演；播放 _______________ 5. 出现，现身 _______________ 6. 负责，掌管 _______________ run into step up due to put on show up take charge of ---- 幻灯片 187. 编造，杜撰；构成 _________________ 8. 调查 _________________ 9. 和……相似 _________________ 10. 许多，很多 _________________ 11. 属于 _________________ 12. 前往，到……去 _________________ make up look into be similar to dozens of belong to make one’s way to ---- 幻灯片 19Ⅲ. 句式扫描 1. Witnesses also say they _______________________________ _______(看到贾斯汀往自己家的方向走去) at 10. 45 p. m. 2. _________________________________________(里面站着许多怪物) with white skin and large black eyes. 3. There’s really no hard evidence ___________________(外星人劫持了他). saw Justin walking towards his house Standing inside were lots of strange creatures that aliens took him ---- 幻灯片 204. ______(如果不是这样的话), why do people tell these stories? 5. The Yeti ______________(据说是) a large, hairy animal that walks on two feet like a human being. If not is said to be ---- 幻灯片 21【仿句自测】根据下面句式仿写句子 ①see sb. /sth. doing. . . 看见某人/某物做…… 仿写：当我走进办公室时，我看见他正在睡觉。 I saw him sleeping when I walked into the office. ②主语太长, 为保持句子平衡而引起的倒装 仿写：正在说话的是我的弟弟，刚从美国回来。 Speaking now is my brother, who just returned from America. ---- 幻灯片 22③if not如果不是的话 仿写：我可能明天去看你。如果不是明天，那就是周六。 I might go to see you tomorrow. If not, then it’ll be Saturday. ④be said to据说 仿写：据说除了iPhone之外，乔布斯还发明过很多产品。 Jobs is said to have invented many products besides iPhone. ---- 幻灯片 23 重难点知识的解读与透析是决胜高考的必经之路。本栏目涵盖重要单词、短语和句型，高考点拨见解独到，易错要点分析透彻；知识学习以互动式呈现，梳理科学系统，例句典型新颖，习题类型多样。要点在握，才能高考无忧！ ---- 幻灯片 24---- 幻灯片 251. witness n. 目击者，证人 vt. 目击，见证 be (a) witness to sth. 目击某事；看见某事发生 give/bear witness (to sth. ) (为……)作证，证明 witness (sb. doing) sth. 目击了(某人做)某事 ---- 幻灯片 26①He arrived home just in time to witness his brother being taken away by the police. 他回到家正好目击了他的弟弟被警察带走。 ②Many of these poems bear witness to his years spent in India and China. 这里面很多诗歌都能证明他在印度和中国度过的岁月。 ③I was (a) ______ __ their quarrel. 我是他们吵架时的目击者。 witness to ---- 幻灯片 27【点津】 (1)witness一般用作及物动词，后接名词、代词、动名词或从句作宾语； (2)用作不及物动词，意为“为……的证据”，常和to搭配，to为介词。例如：witness to the fact为事实的证据。 ---- 幻灯片 28【助记】 ---- 幻灯片 292. assume vt. 假定；认为 assume that. . . 设想…… It is assumed that. . . 人们推测/认为…… assume + sb. / sth. + to be. . . 以为某人/某物是…… ---- 幻灯片 30①I am assuming that the present situation is going to continue. 我认为目前的情况将会继续下去。 ②It is assumed that she will be back at seven. 据推测她将七点钟回来。 ③I _______ ____ __ __ the cleverest boy in this class. 我认为他是这个班里最聪明的学生。 assume him to be ---- 幻灯片 313. occur vi. 发生 occur in/among 在……发生/存在 sth. occur(s) to sb. 某人想到某事 It occurs to sb. that. . . 某人想到…… ---- 幻灯片 32①The report finds that the most rapid decline in child labor has occurred in Latin America. 这份报告发现童工人数下降最快的地方是拉丁美洲。 ②It didn’t occur to him that she would refuse his invitation. 他没有想到她会拒绝他的邀请。 ③__ _____ ________ __her to ask anyone when she was in trouble. 当她遇到困难时从未想到问问他人。 It never occurred to ---- 幻灯片 33【辨析】理解下列区别并选词填空 比较正式的用语，可用于具体或抽象的事物， 在表示具体的事物时，可与happen换用。 但 是，如果表示“某想法”出现在人的头脑之中， 不能用happen代替occur。 常指具体事件的发生，特别指那些偶然的或未 能预见的“发生”。happen还可表示“碰巧；恰 好”之意。 occur happen ---- 幻灯片 34多指事情已经发生了，但还不知道为什 么，常用于疑问句和否定句。 take place 一般指非偶然性事件的“发生”，即这种事件 的发生一定有某种原因或事先的安排，此外 take place还有“举行”的意思。 come about ---- 幻灯片 35④I’ll never understand how it ___________ that you were late three times a week. ⑤Maybe something unexpected ___________. ⑥The meeting will ___________ next Friday. ⑦It __________ to me that she didn’t know I had moved into the new house. came about happened take place occurred ---- 幻灯片 364. exist vi. 存在 ①The idea exists only in the minds of poets. 这种想法是诗人才有的。 ②I can hardly exist on the wage I’m getting; there is no money for luxuries. 我靠我挣的工资简直难以糊口, 根本无钱享受。 ---- 幻灯片 37③There exists a good way to solve the existing problem in geography. 有一个很好的方法来解决地理学现存的问题。 ---- 幻灯片 38【归纳】 _______ 存在于……之中 _______ 靠……维持生活 ____________________ 某地有……；存在…… exist in exist on There exists/existed. . . ---- 幻灯片 395. award n. 奖，奖品, 奖金 vt. 授予，奖励 win/receive/get an award 得奖 award sb. sth. / award sth. to sb. 授予某人某物 ---- 幻灯片 40①Yao Ming was awarded the Most Progressed Player of the China Basketball Association Game in 1999. 1999年姚明获得中国男子篮球联赛最有进步球员奖。 ②She received an award made annually by the British Cultural Council. 她获得了英国文化委员会颁发的年度奖。 ---- 幻灯片 41【辨析】理解下列区别并选词填空 award (1)作名词时，指对于优异成绩或卓越贡献 经评定后正式授予的奖励。 (2)作动词时，强调“授予(奖章、奖金等)”, 后面可接两个宾语：被授予的人和所授的 奖励。 ---- 幻灯片 42prize (1)作名词时，指确认某人在竞赛中所获得的优 异成绩并给予特殊的奖励, 也含有优胜者几经 拼搏、胜利来之不易的意思。 (2)作动词时，意为“珍视，高度重视”。 (1)作名词时，指对某人工作或服务等的“报 答”，也指警方提供的“悬赏金”。 (2)作动词时，则强调“给以报酬”, 只能以人或 人的行为作宾语, 如果要说明以何为报酬, 须加 with短语。 reward ---- 幻灯片 43③He finished only a yard behind the winner of the race but he had to be content with the second ________. ④He will expect some _______ after working so hard. ⑤The Olympic winner received a gold medal as a(n) _______. prize reward award ---- 幻灯片 446. attack vt. & vi. & n. 攻击；进攻 (1)launch/make an attack on/against. . . 攻击……，抨击…… under attack 受到攻击，遭到抨击 an attack of (尤指常发疾病的)侵袭 (2)attack sb. for sth. 因为某事抨击某人 ---- 幻灯片 45①The newspapers attacked the Prime Minister for issuing the new law. 由于这项新法令的颁布, 各报纸纷纷对首相进行抨击。 ②He’s recovering from an attack of flu. 他正从一次流行性感冒中康复过来。 ---- 幻灯片 46③Our forces launched an all-out attack against the enemy. 我们部队向敌军发起全面进攻。 ④The city came _____ ______ during the night. 那座城市在夜间遭到了袭击。 under attack ---- 幻灯片 477. reserve n. (动植物)保护区；储备 vt. 预订；保留；储备 (1)without reserve 毫无保留地 a nature reserve 自然保护区 (2)reserve sth. for sb. /sth. 为某人/某物保留、预订…… be reserved for 留作, (专)供……之用 in reserve 储存 ---- 幻灯片 48(3)reserved adj. 保留的；预订的 reservation n. 保留、预订(房间、座位等) ---- 幻灯片 49①Reserve your strength for the climb. 留点力气准备攀登吧。 ②We always keep some money in reserve, just in case. 我们常储备一些钱，仅仅是以防万一。 ③These seats ___ _______ ___special guests. 这些座位是为特殊客人保留的。 are reserved for ---- 幻灯片 50【真题链接】 ［2011福建，28］I’d prefer to ________ my judgement until I find all the evidence. A. show B. express C. pass D. reserve 【解析】选D。考查动词辨析。句意：我更愿意保留我的意见，直到找到所有的证据。show展示；express表达；pass传递；reserve保留。 ---- 幻灯片 518. strength n. 力量, 力气 with all one’s strength 用全力 have the strength to do sth. 有力气/能力做某事 build up one’s strength 增加某人的力量 ---- 幻灯片 52①She didn’t even have the strength to stand up. 她甚至没有力气站起来。 ②I’m trying to build up my strength. 我在努力增加力量。 ③Mary hit him with all her strength. 玛丽用全力击打他。 ---- 幻灯片 53【辨析】理解下列区别并选词填空 energy 在物理学定义中为“能，能量”, 用于生理学上指 “精力”。 power 是一般用语, 可指动力、思维能力等各种力量或能 力。 strength 指某人或某物所具有的内在力量, 可指体力、力气 或抽象的力量。 force 指的是物质或精神力量, 多指为做成某事而使用的 力量, 也常指武力。 ---- 幻灯片 54④A car needs a lot of _______ to go fast. ⑤He hasn’t got enough _________ to get out of bed. ⑥We had to use _______ to get into the house. ⑦Helping people takes time and ________. power strength force energy ---- 幻灯片 55【熟词生义】根据语境选择最佳汉语意思 Admitting you’ve made a mistake is a sign of strength, not weakness. A. 力量 B. 优点 C. 能力 答案：B ---- 幻灯片 569. convince vt. 使确信，使相信；说服，劝说 convince sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事 convince sb. +that-clause 使某人相信…… convince sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事 sb. be/ become(s) convinced that 某人相信…… ---- 幻灯片 57①What she said convinced me that I was mistaken. 她的一番话使我相信我错了。 ②What convinced you to vote for them? 究竟是什么使得你愿意投他们的票? ③He was convinced that it was necessary to get it across to them. 他相信有必要告诉他们这件事。 ④How can I _______ ____ __her honesty? 我怎样才能使你相信她的诚实呢? convince you of ---- 幻灯片 5810. step up加紧，加强，促进；走上前去；提升 ①Trade has been stepping up recently，since the weather turned warmer. 因天气转暖，最近贸易不断增加。 ②John stepped up onto the platform and began to speak. 约翰走上讲台开始发言。 ③He has stepped up into the management of the firm． 他升入了公司的管理层。 ---- 幻灯片 59【拓展】补全以下短语 step ___ 出去 step __ 走进；干涉 step __ (从……上面)走下来 step _____ 下台，退位；逐渐减少 out in off down ---- 幻灯片 6011. due to由于，因为；应支付/归于某人；预计做某事(作表语/状语) ①The team’s success was largely due to her efforts. 这个队的成功很大程度上是她努力的结果。 ②His success was largely due to his hard work． 他的成功在很大程度上归功于他的辛勤工作。 ---- 幻灯片 61根据语境选出黑体部分的最佳汉语意思 ③Professor Smith is due to give us a lecture at eight tomorrow morning． A. 由于 B. 应支付 C. 预计 【解析】选C。due在此句中是形容词，be due to do sth. 意为“预计做某事”。句意：史密斯教授预计明天上午8点给我们作演讲。 【想一想】请列举表示“因为”的同义短语。 ---- 幻灯片 62【拓展延伸】种种“原因” because of 由于，因为 owing to 由于，因为 on account of 由于，因为 as a result of 作为……的结果；由于 thanks to 幸亏，由于(多表示正面的原因) ---- 幻灯片 6312. show up出现，现身；露面 We had agreed to meet at the gym，but Larry didn’t show up． 我们商量好在体育馆见面，但拉里没有来。 ---- 幻灯片 64【拓展】翻译以下短语 show off ______ show sb. around ____________ show sb. in/out ________________ 炫耀 领某人参观 领某人进来/出去 ---- 幻灯片 6513. take charge of负责，掌管 ①Mr. Brown took charge of the company after his father died. 布朗先生在他父亲过世后负责掌管该公司。 ②John was elected the new president of the club and took charge at the next meeting. 约翰被选为俱乐部的新主席并在下一次的会议上接管了俱乐部。 ---- 幻灯片 66【拓展】翻译以下短语 in charge of ___________ in the charge of ________________________ 负责，掌管 由……负责，由……掌管 ---- 幻灯片 6714. make up编造，杜撰；构成；和解；化妆；弥补 根据语境写出下列句子中黑体部分的意思 ①The two friends finally made up after the quarrel. ( ) ②It took her more than an hour to make herself up. ( ) ③They made up for their inexperience by careful preparation for each lesson. ( ) ④Jane made up stories to amuse her little brother． ( ) 和解 化妆 弥补 编造 ---- 幻灯片 68【拓展】 be made up of 由……组成 make out 辨认出，理解 make for 走向；有助于；促成 ---- 幻灯片 6915. Witnesses also say they saw Justin walking towards his house at 10. 45 p. m. 目击者也说，当晚10点45分他们看到贾斯汀往自己家的方向走去。 saw Justin walking. . . 属于“感官动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构。宾语补足语由现在分词短语充当。 ---- 幻灯片 70“感官动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构用法如下： (1)常见的感官动词(短语)：see, look at, listen to, hear, smell, observe, find, watch等。 (2)宾语补足语的常见形式： 现在分词(表示主动或动作正在进行) 不带to的不定式(表示动作的全过程，当宾补变为 主补时，to要带上) 过去分词(表示被动或动作已完成) (3)宾语：名词或代词 ---- 幻灯片 71①I watched my teacher do the dangerous experiment and then followed her. 我看着老师做了那个危险的实验，然后模仿她。 ②To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English spoken as much as we can. 为了学好英语，我们应当尽可能多地找机会听别人说英语。 ---- 幻灯片 72【真题链接】 ［2010湖南, 21］Listen! Do you hear someone ______ for help? A. calling B. call C. to call D. called 【解析】选A。句意：听！你听到有人喊救命了吗？根据Listen！可判断此处非谓语动词所表示的动作正在进行，因此用现在分词作宾补。 ---- 幻灯片 7316. Standing inside were lots of strange creatures with white skin and large black eyes. 里面站着许多白皮肤、眼睛又黑又大的奇怪生物。 本句为倒装句，结构为：现在分词+地点状语+be+主语。正常语序是：Lots of strange creatures with white skin and large black eyes were standing inside. 。 ---- 幻灯片 74(1)当表语是分词、副词、形容词、介词短语，主语比较长且主语是名词时，为了保持平衡或强调表语，常把表语放在句首，引起句子完全倒装。句型结构为：分词/副词/形容词/介词短语+ be +主语。 (2)表示处所、方位等的副词或介词，如here，there，now，then，up，down，in，out，off等放在句首，且主语是名词，谓语通常是be，lie，sit，stand，come，go，exist，live等不及物动词时，句子用完全倒装。如果主语是代词则不倒装。 ---- 幻灯片 75①Gone are the days when we used the foreign oil. 我们使用洋油的日子已经过去了。 ②Out rushed a cat from under the bed. 从床底下跑出一只猫。 ③_______ __ ___ _______ ____ the school headmaster, the English teachers, and the students’ parents. 出席会议的有校长、英语教师和学生们的家长。 Present at the meeting were ---- 幻灯片 76【真题链接】 ［2009福建, 25］For a moment nothing happened. Then _______ all shouting together. A. voices had come B. came voices C. voices would come D. did voices come 【解析】选B。考查倒装。副词then位于句首，且句子的主语是名词，句子用全部倒装，故选B。 ---- 幻灯片 7717. If not, why do people tell these stories? 如果不是这样的话，人们为什么讲这些故事？ if not属于if型省略结构，意为“如果不是这样的话，若非如此”。 ---- 幻灯片 78常见的if型省略结构： (1)if+形容词：if necessary(如有必要)，if possible(如有可能) (2)if+过去分词：if与分词之间省略了“从句主语+be” (3)if not：可视为一个否定条件状语从句的省略形式 (4)if so：如果这样/那样的话 (5)if+不定代词：if any(如果真有的话) (6)if+时间类副词：if ever(若曾经有的话) ---- 幻灯片 79①Put on more clothes. If not，you will catch a cold. 多穿些衣服。如果不这样的话，你会患感冒的。 ②__ _________, we’ll deliver the furniture to your house this afternoon. 如果有必要的话，我们会在今天下午把家具送到你家。 If necessary ---- 幻灯片 80【真题链接】 ［2009江西，35］Some of you may have finished unit one. _________, you can go on to unit two. A. If you may B. If you do C. If not D. If so 【解析】选D。考查省略句的用法。句意：你们有些人可能已经完成单元一了。如果是这样的话，你们可以继续单元二的内容。 If so = If you have done that，意为“如果是这样的话”，与语境相符。 ---- 幻灯片 8118. The Yeti is said to be a large, hairy animal that walks on two feet like a human being. 据说野人身材魁梧且身上长毛，像人一样靠双脚行走。 sb. / sth. be said to do = It is / was said that sb. / sth. . . . 这两个句型转换时要注意谓语动词作相应的变化。 ---- 幻灯片 82类似用法的句型： sb. / sth. be believed to do = It is / was believed that sb. / sth. . . . 大家都相信…… sb. / sth. be reported to do = It is / was reported that sb. / sth. . . . 据报道…… sb. / sth. be supposed to do = It is / was supposed that sb. / sth. . . . 大家公认为…… sb. / sth. be (well) known to do = It is/was (well) known that sb. / sth. . . . 众所周知…… sb. / sth. be thought to do = It is / was thought that sb. / sth. . . . 大家公认为…… ---- 幻灯片 83①He is said to be writing a book. = It is said that he is writing a book. 据说他正在写一本书。 句型转换： ②It is said that Tom has gone abroad. =Tom __ ____ __ ____gone abroad. 据说汤姆已出国了。 is said to have ---- 幻灯片 84③It is believed that he will finish the task in time. =He __ _______ __ finish the task in time. 人们相信他能及时完成任务。 is believed to ---- 幻灯片 85(1)look短语的区别 (2)belong to属于 (3)辨别同位语从句与其他从句 ---- 幻灯片 861. ［2009江西，30］It is reported that the police will soon ________ the case of the two missing children. A. look upon B. look after C. look into D. look out 【解析】选C。考查look短语。句意：据报道，警察不久就会调查两个失踪孩子的案件。look upon看待；look after照顾；look into调查；look out当心，向外看。 ---- 幻灯片 872. ［2009重庆，30］Professor Williams keeps telling his students that the future _________ to the well-educated. A. belongs B. is belonged C. is belonging D. will be belonged 【解析】选A。句意为：威廉姆斯教授一直告诉学生未来属于受过良好教育的人。belong to不用于进行时，不用于被动语态，所以答案为A。 ---- 幻灯片 883. 判断下面两个句子中哪一个是同位语从句 ①He has the belief that man is kind by nature. ②The belief that he has proved to be wrong was put forward by Mr. Wang. 答案：①是同位语从句。 ---- 幻灯片 89---- 幻灯片 90基础指导(三)——遣词造句 一、遣词炼语 1. 用词准确、得体 2. 选词高级 3. 用词多样 4. 避免重复 ---- 幻灯片 91 (1)我把钥匙忘在车里了。 A. I forgot my keys in the car. ( ) B. I left my keys in the car. ( ) (2)他整天玩电脑游戏，结果考试失败了。 A. He was playing computer games all the time; as a result, he failed in the exam. B. He buried himself in the computer games; consequently, he failed in the exam. ( ) F T 较好 ---- 幻灯片 92 二、连词成句 选择好词汇后，连词成句是十分关键的一步。其中应注意以下几点: 1. 完整 2. 连贯 3. 简洁 4. 强调 5. 多样 ---- 幻灯片 93 (1)使用与别人不同的表达方式，特别是能打破汉语句子结构的束缚而重组的句子更受欢迎。 ①所有的同学在我起床之前已开始读英语了。 A. All the classmates had started reading English before I did not get up. ( ) B. All the classmates had started reading English before I got up. ( ) F T ---- 幻灯片 94 ②我今天早晨收到了你十月十八日的来信。 A. I received your letter which was written on October 18th this morning. B. Your letter of October 18th reached me this morning. ( ) 较好 ---- 幻灯片 95 (2)使用一些表达感情的句式，如强调句、感叹句、倒装句等，增强语句的表现力。例如： ①只是当他回来时我们才查明了真相。 Only when he returned did we find out the truth. ( ) ②汤姆是在公园里丢的那块手表。 It was in the park that Tom lost his watch. ( ) ③他四处张望，好像在找什么东西。 He looked everywhere as if in search of something. ( ) 倒装 强调句式 省略 ---- 幻灯片 96 (3)句式多样，复杂得体。在写作中应避免使用相同长度的相同句式，而应注意句式的变化，如长短句结合，简单句、并列句与复合句共用；一些较复杂的结构如独立主格结构、分词结构等也可使用。 ①他的父亲是否能痊愈还是个问题。他为此非常焦虑不安。Whether his father will recover is still a problem. And he is very upset. (简单句与复合句共用) ②如果天气允许， 我们明天就去看你。Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow. (独立主格结构) ---- 幻灯片 97 (4)如果某些要点很难直接、恰如其分地表达出来，最好学会句式变通，不要生搬硬套。 湖东有两个城镇。 A. Two towns lie to the east of the lake. B. Two towns lie east of the lake. C. East of the lake are/lie two towns. D. There are two towns (to be) east of the lake. ---- 幻灯片 98Ⅰ. 一句多译 1. 我们到达农场时，受到了农民的热烈欢迎。 When we got to the farm, we were given a warm welcome by the farmers. =When _________ the farm, we _________ a warm welcome from the farmers. =On __________________, we were ________________ by the farmers. reaching received arriving at the farm warmly welcomed ---- 幻灯片 992. 我宁愿呆在家里也不愿去看电影。 I prefer ________ at home rather than _________ the film. =I prefer ________ at home to __________ see the film. =I would rather ______ at home than __________ the film. to stay go to see staying going to stay go to see ---- 幻灯片 1003. 北京是一座著名的、有着许多名胜古迹的现代化城市。 Beijing is a famous modern city which/ that has many places of historical interest. =Beijing is a __________ modern city ______________ there are a lot of places of historical interest. =Beijing is a _____________ modern city ______ lots of places of historical interest. well-known where/in which world-famous with ---- 幻灯片 101Ⅱ. 选择适当的单词填空 1. Look around when you walk _______ the street. (across/through) 2. She lives _______ and often feels ________. (alone/lonely) 3. He was ________ enough to check up every detail. (careful/attentive) across alone lonely careful ---- 幻灯片 1024. We __________ Christmas with a tree and many presents. (congratulate/celebrate) 5. It is the ________ in China to eat dumplings during the Spring Festival. (habit/custom) celebrate custom ---- 幻灯片 103Ⅲ. 改写下列句子，使其更加简洁 1. Do you know the girl who is dressed in red? Do you know the girl in red? 2. A teacher who has experience should have an idea about what he should do in such a situation. An experienced teacher should know what to do in such a situation. ---- 幻灯片 1043. Tom has been accepted into college and Jack has been accepted into college as well. Tom has been accepted into college and Jack has, as well. 4. Look out for cars while you are crossing the street. Look out for cars while crossing the street. 5. Because of the fact that I had a lot of work to do, it wasn’t possible for me to accept their invitation. I was too busy to accept their invitation. ---- 幻灯片 105----
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