阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Rob Kalin learned the secret to success while he was young. As a child, he liked playing
with a stuffed (填充) rabbit his mother had made. "At that time, I knew he would become a
craftsman(工匠) in the future, " Kalin's mother said.
Kalin's father was a carpenter and taught him early how to use his hands. In high school,
Kalin was so interested in photography that he cut class to take photos 18 hours a day.
Eventually, Kalin ended up at New York University. One night, his landlord asked him to
build a website for his restaurant. "I didn't know anything about websites, but I built the basic site by looking through books in four weeks," Kalin recalls.
After working on a craft site that provided "advice and a lot of hand-holding", Kalin
recognized that there was no market for their goods. He wrote a fan letter to Stewart Butterfield, the founder of Flickr, who had sold his highly popular photo-sharing website to Yahoo! Impressed by Kalin's letter, he took a look at Kalin's idea and invited him to San Francisco for a month in 2006. He taught Kalin how to build a website, and helped him borrow $615,000 from a bank.
With the help of Stewart, Kalin was able to create etsy. com, an online craft fair that may be the largest market for handmade goods in the world. Last year, 350,000 woodworkers, and
other craftsmen sold their one-of-a-kind goods on the four-year-old site. It sells everything from
hand-knitted T-shirts to wooden electric guitars. In an age of chain stores and malls, it seems
there's still a big market for the unique: custom-made (%︿lj) skirts and hand-painted tea sets.
Today, Etsy's staff has increased to 70 employees, and more than three million consumers in
150 countries are buying goods on Etsy every year.
41. It can be learned from the passage that Rob Kalin ____.
A. opened a restaurant after graduation
B. was good at building websites at university
C. admired Stewart Butterfield very much
D. offered good advice to craftsmen
42. Which of the following can be used to describe Rob Kalin?
A. Helpful and creative. B. Curious and changeable.
C. Smart and humorous. D. Strict and brave.
43. What can we learn about Etsy from the passage?
A. It offered craftsmen advice at first and then began to sell crafts.
B. It sells custom-made clothes and other handmade things.
C. It has employed 350,000 craftsmen.
D. It was set up by Stewart Butterfield.
44. Which is the correct order of the following events?
a. Kalin was admitted into New York University.
b. Stewart helped Kalin get enough money to create etsy. com.
c. Kalin spent 18 hours taking photographs every day.
d. Kalin worked on a site providing craftsmen with advice.
e. Kalin rented a room from a restaurant owner.
A. abdec B. adcbe C. caedb D. cbade
B
Where can you find a nice place to relax on holiday for both you and your children? Well,
I suggest you try the beautiful and green Isle of Wight (IOW). The Isle of Wight is one of the
main attractions of many-tourism businesses.
Here is some information on a few of the attractions on the IOW.
Dinosaur Isle
This park is located in Sandown, a seaside town on the southeast coast. It's a large, lovely
museum, both fun and educational. Here you can see a large fossil (化石) collection of all
kinds of dinosaurs, as well as a gift shop. You can walk into the past and then the future,
learning about the history and the development of the civilization of dinosaurs that lived 120
million years ago.
Robin Hill Country Park
This attraction is set in the beautiful countryside, and is suitable for children's parties and
games. It has five new gardens, and offers great opportunities to see and take pictures of the
rare red squirrels.
The West of the Wight
The Marine Aquarium, the Archaeology Exhibition and the Model Railway are the great
attractions here. They offer another opportunity to combine entertainment with learning. This is
a great place to see ancient boats crossing the narrow strait between the island and the
mainland.
The Wight Bus Museum
This museum-is run completely by unpaid volunteers. It has a vehicle collection stored in
a former grain warehouse (仓库) . Most of the vehicles in the museum date back to around the
1910's.
With all of these choices, what are you waiting for? IOW Tourism welcomes you!
45. Where can you visit the dinosaur museum?
A. On the northeast coast. B. In the west of the isle.
C. In a seaside town. D. In the beautiful countryside.
46. Where can you learn something as well as have a good time?
A. Dinosaur Isle and Robin Hill Country Park.
B. The Wight Bus Museum and the West of the Wight.
C. The Wight Bus Museum and Robin Hill Country Park.
D. Dinosaur Isle and the West of the Wight.
47. It can be learned from the passage that ____.
A. on Dinosaur Isle we can learn about all kinds of animals
B. those running the Wight Bus Museum work for free
C. there are five new gardens on Dinosaur Isle
D. the Wight Bus Museum can be visited free of charge
48. The purpose of this passage is ____.
A. to attract readers to come to the IOW
B. to tell readers what is worth visiting
C. to advise readers how to have a good holiday
D. to show the development of tourism on the IOW
C
Some people are unwilling to use food when they are training their dogs. When you train
your dog, the dog learns to use the correct behavior either to get something that it wants or
avoid something that it doesn't want. Personally, I'd rather have my dog work to get a reward
than to avoid a punishment. There are many rewards that you can use while training your dog.
Food is generally the most popular choice for many reasons.
Food is considered to be a primary reinforcer (强化刺激). While some dogs may be
pickier (更挑剔的) than others, all dogs are food-motivated (食物激励). While we usually
think of using a "treat" to train dogs, any kind of food will do梐s long as they are willing to
work for it. If you just give away good food for free, they have no desire to work for it. You
should save the good food for teaching and rewarding your dog's good behavior. And if your dog
normally accepts a treat, a refusal of food in a new place can let you know about a possible
problem. For example, your dog is probably too stressed to learn in that environment. So you
should go somewhere else.
You can also use food to teach your dog to like other things, such as praise, touches, toys
and so on. Since we do not always have food available, we should teach our dogs to like other
things that can then be used as reinforcers. To make our dogs become familiar with these
things, we should continue to link other things to food now and then.
In conclusion, while I'm clearly in favor of using food as a reward, I don't think it should
be the only reinforcer used.
49. The first paragraph suggests that ____.
A. food is the only choice of a treat B. punishments must be avoided
C. dogs like to behave correctly D. rewards are useful when training dogs
50. Which of the following is TRUE about training dogs?
A. Any kind of food can be a treat for dogs.
B. Some dogs can't be motivated by food.
C. Giving good food for nothing is encouraged.
D. Picky dogs are not interested in getting rewards.
51. A dog won't accept a treat in a new place because it ____.
A. wants to work to get the reward B. has become fed up with food
C. is uncomfortable in that environment D. is too excited to eat anything
52. You can make your dog enjoy being touched by ____.
A. touching it and then giving it a treat frequently
B. listing some things it is willing to work for
C. praising and touching it now and then
D. punishing it if it refuses your touch
D
Sheng Huizhen's life story is typical of immigrants (移民) who have succeeded in
America. After getting her PhD in biochemistry, she got a job as a researcher at the National
Institutes of Health. She got a green card, bought a house in Maryland and worked her way up
all the time.
But then she moved back to China. A law in America stopped the use of public money for
research oh human embryos (胚胎). This prevented her from doing the kind of work she
wanted to do. The Chinese government attracts her to return with ＄75,000 for a new lab.
She could use the lab to do her research. " Maybe because of the culture, the public in China
are friendlier to the research," said Sheng, 55 , whose family remains in the United States.
Attracted by support and a scientific environment more open to certain types of experiments,
China's long-lost scientists are coming back. Besides, China announced that it would double its
research-and-development spending by 2012, to about $69 billion. The returning scientists are
very happy about that. In recent years, more than 275,000 have come back.
Many of these "sea turtles" , as they are known, have returned with degrees in science or
engineering. They are going to the Chinese Academy of Sciences, where 81 percent of the
members are returning scientists. Fifty thousand of the returning scientists are starting their own
companies, according to China's Ministry of Education, pushing the development in science.
53. What is the main idea of the first paragraph?
A. Sheng Huizhen got her PhD in biochemistry.
B. Sheng Huizhen got a green card of the USA.
C. Sheng Huizhen bought a house in Maryland.
D. Sheng Huizhen achieved great success in America.
54. Why did Sheng Huizhen return to China?
A. Because her family remains in China.
B. Because she couldn't adapt to the life in America.
C. Because China supports her research.
D. Because she was tired of living abroad.
55. What can be learned about returning scientists?
A. Most of them are working in Ministry of Education.
B. They are satisfied with the scientific environment in China.
C. Half of them came back to start companies.
D. They are seriously short of money for research at home.
56. The best title of the passage is ____.
A. The Life of Scientists Abroad
B. A Great Scientist—Sheng Huizhen
C. The Scientific Environment Abroad
D. Opportunities in China Attract Scientists Home
E
Change is one of the common facts of life. Most of us have seen a number of changes in
our own lives from simple things like fashion trends and entertainment to big changes in
technology.
Language, too, has experienced change and continues to develop. The continuous change
is what keeps languages alive.
Slang is a way in which languages can transform and are renewed. Slang is the use of
informal words and expressions that are not considered standard in a language. Some consider
slang to be witty (言辞巧妙的) and clever, adding spice to the informal written and spoken
language. Walt Whitman described slang as "the start of imagination and humor, breathing into
its nostrils (鼻孔) the breath of life". However, others criticize its use, believing that it weakens the language.
The spoken English language of today's younger generation is filled with slang words and
expressions. These lively words and phrases are an example of how language plants its own
seeds of change that develop within social circumstances.
Sometimes slang is the use of a word that is already in the standard dictionary, for
example, lift (to pick up or raise) is given a new meaning, such as "to steal" ; or hunk (a
large piece of something) has now become " a handsome man". Other times, slang is an
invented word, such as chocoholic, which means " a person who loves chocolate". Other
invented words are mula, which means " money" and airhead, which means " a person who is
stupid".
Now, you'll understand your friends if they say something like, " I was such an airhead to
think that I could get away with lifting a whole box of chocolates from the store just because I
was all out of mula. "
57. What was Whitman's attitude towards slang?
A. He was doubtful about it. B. He thought highly of it.
C. He showed no interest in it. D. He was against the use of it.
58. The underlined word "spice" in the third paragraph probably means "____".
A. damage B. difficulty C. fun D. sugar
59. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Slang cannot be found in the dictionary.
B. People hold different opinions towards slang.
C. An "airhead" refers to a person out of money.
D. "Hunk" is an invented word.
60. What's the main idea of the paasage?
A. The origin of slang. B. An introduction to slang.
C. The use of slang. D. The change of language.
41—44 CABC 45—48 CDBA 49—52 DACA 53—56 DCBD 57—60 BCBB
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