2013高考英语（阅读理解）倒计时冲刺50天（6）及答案
阅读理解技法指导
4．词义猜测题
词义猜测题常见的命题方式有以下几种：
(1)The word “...” in the passage means ______.
(2)The word “...” could be best replaced by ______.
(3)Which of the following is nearest/closest in meaning to ______.
(4)The word “...” probably refers to ______.
(5)According to the passage，the word “...” is known as ______.
如：(2012·课标全国高考，A篇)
Are you looking for some new and exciting places to take your kids to？Try some of these places：
·Visit art museums.They offer a variety of activities to excite your kids' interest.Many offer workshops for making hand-made pieces，traveling exhibits，book signings(签名) by children's favorite writers，and even musical performances and other arts.
·Head to a natural history museum.This is where kids can discover the past from dinosaur models to rock collections and pictures of stars in the sky.Also，ask what kind of workshops and educational programs are prepared for kids and any special events that are coming up.
·Go to a Youtheater.Look for one in your area offering plays for child and family visitors.Pre-show play shops are conducted by area artists and educators where kids can discover the secret about performing arts.Puppet(木偶) making and stage make-up are just a couple of the special offerings you might find.
·Try hands-on_science.Visit one of the many hands-on science museums around the country.These science play-lands are great fun for kids and grown-ups alike.They'll keep your child mentally and physically active the whole day through while pushing buttons，experimenting，and building.When everyone is tired，enjoy a fun family science show，commonly found in these museums.
58．What does “hands-on science” mean in the last paragraph?
A．Science games designed by kids.
B．Learning science by doing things.
C．A show of kids' science work.
D．Reading science books.
剖析：B 词义猜测题。由“Try hands-on science.”部分倒数第二句中的“...while pushing buttons，experimenting，and building.”可知，在这个博物馆里，孩子和成年人都可以动手操作。故hands-on science是指“通过做事情而学习科学知识”。故选B项。
英语词汇具有多义性，同一种意思可有不同的表达方式。词义猜测题要求对短文中某些词、词组或句子作出解释。
做题时，一定要在理解全文的基础上，判断词语在文中的确切含义，决不可脱离原文进行解释，要从被考查词汇所处的语境和上下文的联系进行分析。如果出现this is，that is to say或破折号等，我们可以断定，后面的内容是对前面内容的解释；如果出现but，however，yet以及表示相反结果的on the contrary，on the other hand等，我们可以从画线词语的相反意义去考虑。
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6
SHANGHAI —Health experts in Shanghai are calling for more protection for young children as the latest research shows about half of the youngsters are suffering from second-hand smoke.
About 45 percent of children suffer passive smoking in families,50 percent in public places，and almost 6 percent on public transportation，shows a research released by the Shanghai Children's Medical Center on Tuesday.
“Not only adults but also children and newborn babies are at risk for the adverse effects of passive smoking，” said Tang Jingyan，a doctor at the Shanghai Children's Medical Center.
“Actually，those young children whose bodies are still growing and developing are more sensitive to the effects of secondhand smoke.”
Research has shown that children who are exposed to secondhand smoke will suffer from more colds，coughs and sore throats，and they are more likely to suffer from bronchitis，pneumonia and will have a higher risk of developing cancer.
Doctors even suggested that children suffering passive smoking are more likely to have behavioral problems and may not develop mentally as quickly as their peers.
Other research by the Shanghai Children's Medical Center has found that more than 80 percent of child patients in the center live in a smoke-filled household，where one or both parents smoke.
“Though doctors have stressed the harm of passive smoking over and over，it is still hard to reach a totally smoke-free home，” said a pediatrician named Zhang Yiwen，noting that parents are often tempted to smoke even though they have learned the harmful effects of secondhand smoke.
China has 540 million people suffering from passive smoke,180 million of them younger than 15.The age of smokers is also getting lower，earlier reports said.
“There are more young smokers than before.You can see young people wearing a school uniform and carrying a schoolbag light a cigarette on the street.Some of them are even female students，” said Jing Xingming，a professor of children's developmental behavior at the center.
“Children like to imitate adults，especially their parents.If parents often smoke at home，it is very likely children will develop a smoking habit，which can cause a vicious circle，” Jin said.
Reports from the Ministry of Health said China has about 350 million smokers，of whom 15 million are underage smokers.Also，around 40 million of the country's 130 million children aged between 13 and 18 had tried smoking，and 15 million had become addicted to tobacco.
1．What is the main idea of the passage?
A．About half of the youngsters are suffering from secondhand smoke.
B．Experts are calling for more protection for youngsters from smoking.
C．More and more youngsters are picking up the habit of smoking.
D．Smoking does great harm to the health of the youngsters.
2．Which youngsters most possibly develop a habit of smoking?
A．Children of nonsmoking mothers.
B．Children of nonsmoking fathers.
C．Children of heavy smokers.
D．Children from some smoking centers.
3．Which of the following disease may not be connected with secondhand smoking?
A．Cancer. B．Behavioral problems.
C．Sore throats. D．Coughs.
4．The underlined word “vicious” in the eleventh paragraph most probably means ______.
A．complete B．simple
C．great D．bad
5．What can be inferred from the passage?
A．About 80 percent of the children in the Shanghai Children's Medical Center smoke heavily.
B．About 45 percent of children suffer passive smoking in the Shanghai Children's Medical Center.
C．About 540 million people are heavy smokers in China.
D．Children aged between 13 to 18 are more likely addicted to smoking.
1．B 主旨大意题。本文为新闻，根据第一段的导语可知，专家们呼吁要保护孩子们，防止他们受二手烟的危害，所以答案为B项。
2．C 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“If parents often smoke at home，it is very likely children will develop a smoking habit，which can cause a vicious circle...”可知答案为C项。
3．B 细节理解题。根据第五段“Research has shown that children who are exposed to secondhand smoke will suffer from more colds，coughs and sore throats，and they are more likely to suffer from bronchitis，pneumonia and will have a higher risk of developing cancer.”可知，感冒、咳嗽、嗓子沙哑、支气管炎、肺炎、癌症都与二手烟有关，但是没有提到行为问题也与二手烟有关，所以应选B项。
4．D 词义猜测题。由文中可知孩子喜欢模仿大人，尤其是他们的父母。一旦孩子养成吸烟的习惯，就有可能会继续影响下一代，这样自然会导致恶性循环了。故可判断答案为D项。
5．D 逻辑推理题。根据最后一段“Also，around 40 million of the country's 130 million children aged between 13 and 18 had tried smoking，and 15 million had become addicted to tobacco.”可判断答案为D项。
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From school to band Practice, the Venturi Eclectic is an Earth-friendly way to get where you want to go. This battery-powered, zero-emission (meaning it doesn't pollute the air) vehicle runs mainly on renewable energy. Solar panels on the Eclectic's roof absorb sun rays when you're driving. On windy days, you can connect a machine to the car's roof that collects energy from the wind while you're parked. The Eclectic's top speed is 28 miles an hour; the battery lasts for 31 miles before it needs to be recharged. Zipping (迅速行进) around the neighborhood has never been better.
Here's an eco-friendly way to tell time: Simply fill the Bedol Water-powered Clock's tank (箱) with water, add some lemon juice, and the clock will display the time without the need for environmentally harmful batteries. There are two sets of metal electrodes (电极) inside the water tank. Water contains ions (离子) that carry negative and positive charges. These ions complete a charge between the electrodes, creating enough energy to power the clock. Just refill the tank every few weeks, and this clock will keep on ticking.
Bloodhound SuperSonic Car (SSC) will be the first car to attempt to break the l,000-mile-an-hour barrier. (The current record is 763 miles an hour.) A concept for now, the rocket-shaped car gets its original push to 350 miles an hour from a jet engine. Then a rocket fires up, pushing the SSC past 1,000 miles an hour. In order to keep the car streamlined (流线型的), the driver lies back at a 45-degree angle (角度).
You’re having a blast at your friend’s birthday party. But when it's time to bring out the cake, everyone crowds around, blocking your view. No worries. Throw the Triops into the air, and this clever camera captures the view from above. The Triops can take three pictures at once, each from different angles. You can also record sounds and command the Triops to start shooting whenever it hears that noise. That's one smart camera.
What is the common characteristic of the Venturi Eclectic and the Bedol Water-powered Clock?
A. They don't need batteries. B. They are difficult to operate.
C. They can be powered by water. D. They are environmentally friendly.
According to the passage, the Venturi Eclectic .
A. is popular with businessmen B. is suitable for a long trip
C. can turn wind into energy D. has only a little gas emission
The underlined phrase “having a blast” in the last paragraph probably means .
A. looking at a picture B. enjoying yourself
C. blowing out a candle D. recording sounds
Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. The Triops is sensitive to sounds.
B. The driver of the SSC must be of great size.
C. The color of the Bedol Water-powered Clock is like that of lemon.
D. The SSC doesn’t have anything to do with a rocket actually.
参考答案 60—63 DCBA
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