B6 动词和动词短语
热点6·2
①(2012·课标全国)Mary is really good at taking notes in class. She can ________almost every word her teacher says.
A．put out B．put down
C．put away D．put together
答案 B [put out意为“伸出，长出，熄灭，扑灭，出版”；put down意为“把……放下，镇压，平息，写下，记下”；put away意为“把……收起来放好”；put together意为“把……放在一起，组合”。根据句意判断应选B项。句意：玛丽真的擅长在课堂上记笔记，她几乎能记下老师说的每一个字。]
②(2012·浙江卷)Armed with the information you have gathered, you can ________preparing your business plan.
A．set out B．set about C．set off D．set up
答案 B [题干的意思是：“用你所收集到的信息武装好自己，这样你就可以着手准备你的商业计划了。”A选项表示“打算，着手”，其后常接不定式形式作宾语；B选项表示“开始，着手”，其后常接动词-ing形式作宾语；C选项表示“出发，使爆炸”；D选项表示“建立，设立”。根据语意及空格后的preparing可确定选项。]
③(2012·江苏卷)—OK, I've had enough of it. I give up.
—You can't ________your responsibilities.
A．run off with B．run up against
C．run out of D．run away from
答案 D [run off with意为“带着……逃走，与……私奔”；run up against意为“意外地碰到，偶遇”；run out of意为“用完……，耗尽……”；ran away from意为“从……逃离，回避……”。后半句句意：你不能逃脱你自己的责任。],
④(2011·浙江卷)He decided that he would drive all the way home instead of ________at a hotel for the night.
A．putting down B．putting off C．putting on D．putting up
答案 D [put down“记下，镇压”；put off“推迟，延期”；put on“穿上，演出”；put up“搭起，张贴，为……提供食宿，投宿，(在……)过夜”。句意：他决定一路开车回家而不是在旅馆住宿。]
⑤(2011·江苏卷)—You look upset. What's the matter?
—I had my proposal ________again.
A．turned over B．turned on
C．turned off D．turned down
答案 D [句意：“你看上去有些心烦意乱。发生什么事了？”“我的建议又被拒绝了。”turn over翻身，移交；turn on打开(电视机，电灯等)，接通(电流、煤气、水等)，突然袭击；turn off关掉(电流、煤气、水等)，拐弯；turn down拒绝；把……调低，关小。答语中含句式have sth done，此处多意为“使某物遭受……”，此意特指不好的事情。]
⑥(2011·陕西卷)Some insects ________the colour of their surroundings to protect themselves.
A．take in B．take off C．take on D．take out
答案 C [句意：有些昆虫为了自我保护会随着周围环境改变自身颜色。take in“理解，吸收，欺骗”；take off“起飞，脱去”；take on“呈现，承担”；take on a．..colour“呈现……颜色”；take out“清除，除掉”。]
⑦(2010·陕西卷)You look well. The air and the seafoods in Sanya must ________you, I suppose.
A．agree with B．agree to C．agree on D．agree about
答案 A [考查动词短词辨析。agree with同意，赞成；与……相适应；agree to同意，赞成(观点，看法等)；agree on就……达成协议；agree about对……有相同的看法。题干意思是：你看上去很好。我认为：三亚的空气和海鲜很适合你。故选A。]
⑧(2010·浙江卷)After that, he knew he could ________any emergency by doing what he could to the best of his ability.
A．get away with B．get on with
C．get through D．get across
答案 C [本题考查与get相关的短语辨析。分析四个选项的意思：get away with侥幸逃脱；get on with与……友好相处；get through接通，顺利通过，完成；get across被理解，越过。根据语境：经过那件事之后，他明白了他能尽一切可能去顺利解决任何突发情况。]
⑨(湖南卷)I was just talking to Margaret when Jackson ________．
A．cut in B．cut down C．cut out D．cut up
答案 A [cut in意为“插嘴，打断”。Jackson在谈话时插嘴。cut down意为“砍倒”；cut out意为“切断”；cut up意为“切碎”。]
(辽宁卷)The final examination is coming up soon. It's time for us to ________our studies.
A．get down to B．get out C．get back for D．get over
答案 A [get down to意为“开始认真做某事”。句意为：因为快要期末考试了，所以到了认真学习的时候了。get out意为“出来”；get back for意为“为……回来”；get over意为“做完”。]
?(辽宁卷)The computer system ________suddenly while he was searching for information on the Internet.
A．broke down B．broke out C．broke up D．broke in
答案 A [break down含有“打破，减轻，坍塌，彻底失败，精神不支，中止，把分解”等意思，这里指在他正在搜寻信息时电脑突然坏了。break out意为“发生，(战争等)突发，爆发”。break up意为“开垦，破碎，破坏，解散，结束，衰弱”。break in意为“闯入，打断，使习惯于，使驯服，训练成为”。]
?(江苏卷)Everybody in the village likes Jack because he is good at telling and ________jokes.
A．turning up B．putting up C．making up D．showing up
答案 C [make up意为“编造”。根据上下文的意思可判断出Jack善于讲和编笑话。turn up发现，找到；put up建立；show up露出，露面。]
?(浙江卷)The president spoke at the business meeting for nearly an hour without ________his notes.
A．bringing up B．referring to C．looking for D．trying on
答案 B [refer to的意思是“借助，参考，参看，引证，引用；翻阅，查看”。根据句意可判断出他作了一个小时的报告没有参考笔记。bring up意为“培养”；look for意为“寻找”；try on意为“试穿”。]
?(全国Ⅰ卷)In some western countries, demand for graduates from MBA courses has ________．
A．turned down B．turned over C．fallen down D．fallen over
答案 C [fall down意为“下降”。句意为：在一些西方国家里，对MBA研究生的需求已经下降。turn down意为“关小(收音机等)”；turn over意为“翻过来”；fall over意为“从……落下”。]
?(北京卷)I don't ________rock'n' roll. It's much too noisy for my taste.
A．go after B．go away with C．go into D．go in for
答案 D [go in for意为“喜欢”。我不喜欢摇滚音乐。go after意为“追求”；go away with意为“与……离开”；go into意为“进入，参与”。]
?(福建卷)It is certain that he will ________his business to his son when he gets old.
A．take over B．think over C．hand over D．go over
答案 C [hand over意为“移交，交出”。句意为：当他年老时，他肯定会把自己的生意交给他的儿子。]
?(广东卷)Helen always helps her mother even though going to school ________most of her day.
A．takes up B．makes up C．saves up D．puts up
答案 A [take up意为“占用(时间)”。句意为：海伦经常帮她妈妈，虽然上学占去了她整天大部分时间。make up意为“补足”；save up意为“储存”；put up意为“建立”。],get over克服
get along/on with进展；相处
get up起身，起床
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